Ijraset Journal For Research in Applied Science and Engineering Technology
Authors: M. Krithika, S. Parthiv Srinivaas , D. J. Hem Anuruth , M. Mukilan, M. Gowsik Jeshva, P. Priya Dharshini
DOI Link: https://doi.org/10.22214/ijraset.2025.66737
Certificate: View Certificate
The paper \"Adaptive Automation: Integrated Smart System with HiveX App\" focuses on creating a robust automation solution that enhances energy efficiency and operational control. The HiveX App is at the heart of this system, providing a user-friendly platform for real-time management and monitoring of various smart systems. Through the app, users can seamlessly interact with different devices and systems, optimizing their operations to conserve energy and improve overall efficiency. By leveraging real-time data from sensors and automation controls, the HiveX App ensures that electrical appliances, lighting and environmental systems are activated only when necessary. This dynamic approach significantly reduces power consumption, as devices are automatically adjusted based on occupancy and environmental conditions. Users can remotely control and monitor their systems, making energy management more convenient and efficient. The app will give real-time insights to energy usage, which allows users to track and optimize consumption patterns. Its adaptability ensures that the automation system remains responsive to changing conditions, making it an essential tool for maintaining energy efficient, smart environments in homes and businesses.
I. INTRODUCTION
The "Adaptive Automation: Integrated Smart System with HiveX App" paper represents a groundbreaking approach to enhancing efficiency an adaptability across various sectors by introducing a sophisticated automation solution. At its core this initiative harnesses the power of most advanced technologies in the (Internet of Things) IoT, cloud computing and also application development to streamline routine tasks and optimize workflows. The aim is to significantly boost productivity reduce manual effort and free up valuable time for more strategic activities. Central to this innovative solution is the HiveX App, meticulously designed to offer users an intuitive interface that facilitates seamless interaction with the automation system. This app provides real-time access to data analytics allowing users to monitor performance and make informed decisions at their fingertips. A standout feature of the HiveX App is its adaptability, it incorporates advanced machine learning algorithms that enable the system to learn from user interactions and environmental changes thus continuously improving its efficiency and responsiveness.
The paper is structured in several phases beginning with extensive research and development to identify user requirements and industry-specific challenges. Following this a robust system integration phase will ensure that the microcontroller which acts as a central hub effectively communicates with various IoT devices enabling smart automation across a large range of applications from home automation to industries. One of the most compelling aspects of this paper is its focus on customization. The HiveX App allows users to create and tailor workflows according to their specific operational needs making it versatile and applicable to diverse industries. This will not only enhances user satisfaction but also checks that the automation solution will remain relevant as organizational needs evolve. Testing and validation are critical components of the paper ensuring that the system functions reliably across different environments. By gathering user feedback during this phase, the paper team can make iterative improvements to enhance the overall user experience. Ultimately, the "Adaptive Automation: Integrated Smart System with HiveX App" paper aspires to revolutionize the way organizations approach daily operations.
II. SYSTEM DESIGN
A. Presence Power Module
Power Presence is an innovative module designed to enhance power efficiency and optimize seating arrangements in conference halls or large gathering spaces by using dual infrared (IR) sensors to detect the entry and exit of people. This system is particularly focused on improving energy management by automating the control of electrical devices such as lights, fans and air conditioning units, based on the number of people present in the room. The dual IR sensor setup is strategically placed at entry and exit points of the hall. Each sensor works in tandem to accurately count the number of people entering and leaving the room, ensuring precise tracking of occupancy levels. When a person passes through the entry point, the sensors detect the movement and increase the count of people inside the hall. Similarly, when someone exits, the count is decreased.
This system ensures that real-time occupancy data is available, which forms the basis for efficient power management. The primary function of Power Presence is to conserve energy by automatically switching on or off electrical appliances according to the number of people present. For instance, if the sensors detect that the number of occupants has reached a pre set threshold, the system will automatically turn on the lights, fans, or HVAC systems for the specific area or row of seating where people are gathered. If the number of people decreases below the threshold or if the room is completely vacated, the system will turn off these appliances, preventing unnecessary energy consumption. This smart energy management not only contributes to power savings but also enhances the comfort of the attendees. The system is designed to scale the use of fans, lights, or air conditioning according to the occupancy of different sections of the hall, thus ensuring that only the occupied areas are powered.
B. Stock Cans Module
Stock Cans is an innovative method designed to monitor and calculate the level of groceries in storage containers. The system begins by measuring the empty container’s capacity, establishing a baseline for the total volume or weight the container can hold. Once the groceries are placed inside, Stock Cans continuously senses and tracks the remaining quantity of items in the container, allowing users to know when supplies are running low. This method offers an efficient way to maintain inventory control in kitchens, grocery stores, or warehouses, where keeping track of supplies is essential for ensuring that items are always available when needed. However, the current drawback of existing systems is that they rely on traditional weighing scales to measure the amount of groceries. While weighing scales can be accurate, they introduce certain limitations. They require regular recalibration, can be affected by external factors like humidity and do not always provide a precise representation of the remaining usable content, especially for items with varying density (such as cereals, grains, or liquids). Furthermore, the process of weighing each container separately can be time consuming and impractical when dealing with large quantities or numerous containers. The reliance on weight-based methods also means that the system may not account for changes in packaging or varying product sizes, further reducing the efficiency of the system. Therefore, a more advanced approach could involve alternative sensing technologies, such as volume-based measurements, ultrasonic sensors or computer vision, to provide a more accurate and versatile solution for stock management.
C. Smart Toggle Module
Smart Toggle is a versatile method designed to remotely control home appliances by turning them on and off via an automated system. This technology is easy to users to manage their app from a distance, improving convenience and energy efficient within smart homes. Smart Toggle can function as both a 5-amp and a 20-amp switch, suits for controlling a large range of household devices from smaller appliances like lights and fans to more power-intensive devices such as air conditioners or ovens. The system works by using DC-activated relays to switch the appliances on or off, depending on the power requirement of the connected device. For appliances that require lower power, such as those operating on a 5-amp circuit, a 5-volt DC relay is used to control the switching mechanism. This relay effectively isolates the control signal from the higher voltage used to operate the appliance, ensuring safe and efficient operation. For higher power devices that operate on a 20-amp circuit, a 20-volt DC relay is employed. This relay is capable of handling the higher current load, allowing Smart Toggle to control larger appliances while maintaining safety and reliability. The dual capability of the system being able to function as both a 5-amp and a 20-amp switch makes it highly adaptable for various household settings. By integrating this functionality into smart home systems, Smart Toggle enables users to manage appliances through mobile apps or voice commands, providing an easy and effective way to control energy consumption. This method not only helps in improving convenience but also in reducing electricity waste by allowing users to automatically manage or remotely manage their appliances based on their needs. The flexibility of supporting different power loads also ensures that Smart Toggle can be applied in diverse home environments without needing separate systems for high-power and low-power appliances.
D. Hydro Sense Module
Hydro Sense is an intelligent gardening system designed to make plant irrigation more efficient and hassle-free. The system automates watering by activating the water motor relay based on two key inputs: user preferences and real-time soil moisture levels. If the soil moisture drops below a certain amount, Hydro Sense automatically triggers the motor to water the plants, reviewing that they receive just the correct amount of hydration when needed. What sets Hydro Sense apart is its seamless integration with the HiveX app, enabling remote monitoring and control from anywhere in the world.
Whether you're at home or halfway across the globe, you can check soil moisture levels, adjust irrigation schedules, or manually activate the water motor, all from your mobile device. The system is powered by an ESP microcontroller, which ensures reliable performance and quick responses to changing conditions. Hydro Sense also provides real-time data logging, allowing users to track moisture trends and optimize watering schedules over time. This feature is particularly useful for plants with varying water needs, as users can adjust settings based on historical data, ensuring plants receive the ideal amount of water for their specific growth stages. The system can be fine-tuned for different types of soil and plant varieties, making it adaptable to a range of gardening setups, from small area gardens to large agricultural fields.Additionally, the system is designed for easy installation and user-friendly operation. Hydro Sense supports both automatic and manual override modes, giving gardeners full control over the irrigation process. In the event of network disruptions or power outages, the system's settings remain intact, ensuring the plants are cared for without interruption. By integrating smart technology with efficient water management, Hydro Sense offers a reliable and eco-friendly solution for modern gardening.
E. Lock Master Module
Lock Master is a cutting-edge smart door lock system that combines a solenoid lock and keypad for enhanced security and convenience. The system allows users to unlock doors by entering a unique code, which triggers the solenoid to release the lock. This design eliminates the need for traditional keys, reducing the risk of loss or theft. In addition to offering simple code-based access, Lock Master provides advanced features such as one-time passwords (OTPs) for single-use entry and alerts in case of attempted tampering. It supports easy management of access codes, allowing users to add, modify, or delete codes based on their needs. Designed for low power consumption, Lock Master integrates seamlessly with smart home systems and offers remote monitoring and control via the HiveX app, ensuring users can access and manage the system from anywhere. The system can be applied to doors, lockers other secure entry points, providing reliable, secure access for both residential and commercial properties. Lock Master also features a user-friendly interface, making it easy for techy individuals and those who are poor with technology to navigate and operate the system.
The keypad is designed for durability and ease of use, with backlighting for visibility in low-light conditions. Additionally, the system logs access events, allowing users to review who has entered or exited the premises and at what times, adding an extra layer of security and accountability. By combining innovative technology with practical features, Lock Master provides a robust solution for securing homes and businesses, ensuring peace of mind for users.
F. Safe Gas Module
Safe Gas Safe Gas ensures efficient and safe gas management with its integrated components, designed for both residential and commercial applications. The system utilizes a gas solenoid valve to regulate gas flow, coupled with MQ sensors to detect hazardous gases like LPG and smoke, aiding in leak detection and enhancing safety. A pressure meter continuously monitors gas pressure, while a mic sensor captures sound waves from gas-related events, such as the whistle of a pressure cooker, providing valuable insights into the cooking process. In addition to its safety features, Safe Gas acts as a safety valve in gas handling areas, detecting smoke and automatically shutting off the gas supply when dangerous levels are reached. This proactive approach not only mitigates risks but also complies with safety regulations and standards, making it ideal for use in kitchens, laboratories and industrial settings.
The system's mobile app allows users to remotely manage gas settings, providing real-time updates on gas levels, pressure and safety alerts. Users can easily adjust gas flow limits, set usage schedules and receive notifications in case of any anomalies. The app's user friendly interface ensures that even those with minimal technical knowledge can effectively monitor and control their gas management system. Moreover, Safe Gas features data logging capabilities, enabling users to track historical gas usage patterns. This information can be invaluable for identifying trends, optimizing gas consumption and reducing overall costs. With customizable alerts for low gas levels or pressure changes, users can ensure they are always informed about their gas management status.
Safe Gas is designed with user safety and convenience in mind. It is compatible with smart home ecosystems, allowing integration with other devices for enhanced automation and monitoring. By combining cutting-edge technology with practical safety features, Safe Gas provides a reliable solution for efficient gas management, ensuring peace of mind for users while effectively managing their gas consumption.
III. SYSTEM ARCHITECTURE
The HiveX system follows a distributed architecture with the following components:
IV. IMPLEMENTATION
A. Power Presence Module
Presence Po wer is an advanced, energy-efficient lighting and fan control system that intelligently automatically operates the operation of lights and fans based on occupancy detection. By leveraging dual infrared (IR) sensors, the system detects when someone enters or leaves a room, automatically turning the lights and fans on or off. This smart approach eliminates the need for manual switches, significantly reducing energy wastage by ensuring that lights and fans are only in use when needed. A key feature of Presence Power is its focus on personalization and user comfort.
The system offers separate control settings for lights and fans, allowing users to customize how each behaves depending on the room’s occupancy. For example, lights could be set to turn off immediately upon exit, while fans might remain on for a longer duration to improve air circulation.
This tailored functionality not only improves user comfort but also helps to greater energy savings, making the system ideal for both residential and commercial applications. In addition to its core occupancy detection capabilities, Presence Power provides a seamless, hands-free experience, promoting convenience and sustainability. By automating lighting and fan control, it optimizes energy consumption, decreased electricity bills and reduces environmental hazards, making it a forward-thinking solution for latest energy management.
Presence Power is designed to adapt to a wide variety of environments. Whether it’s a small office or a large residential space, the system can be madeto accommodate different room sizes and patterns of occupancy, making it highly versatile. This adaptability makes it ideal for a range of settings, from homes to large buildings, where energy efficiency is a priority. Furthermore, the system offers remote access via a mobile app, providing users with even greater control and convenience.
The system automatically adjusts the lights based on the number of individuals detected, optimizing energy consumption. The dashboard on this page displays not only the number of people currently inside but also the number of lights that are turned on, giving users a clear view of energy usage. In the Light Control segment of the Presence Power page, users have the flexibility to manually manage the lights if needed. They can turn lights on or off with a simple click, providing an added layer of control beyond the automated system.
This manual override option ensures that users maintain full control over their environment, whether they prefer automation or manual adjustments. Overall, the home page ties together navigation, account management, system settings and specialized features like Presence Power, creating a user-friendly experience that makes controlling and managing the system both intuitive and efficient. It streamlines access to essential functions while enabling detailed monitoring and customization of lighting control and energy management
B. Stock Cans Module
Stock Cans revolutionizes the way households manage their groceries by introducing an intelligent, user-friendly system that blends technology with everyday needs. The smart containers within the system are equipped with sensors that measure the quantity of food items inside, constantly updating the data to provide real-time insights into stock levels. This eliminates the guesswork traditionally involved in grocery management and ensures that users are always informed about what they have on hand, minimizing the risk of running out of essential items. The mobile app acts as a centralized platform where users can view their inventory, receive notifications and manage their grocery lists anytime, anywhere. The system's ability to send low-stock alerts is a game-changer for busy individuals or families, who may often forget to check pantry supplies amid their hectic schedules. Stock Cans not only reminds users to restock but also generates dynamic shopping lists based on current needs, helping to prioritize purchases and optimize grocery runs. This automation decreases the time spent on human checking and planning, allowing users to give importance on other tasks. Additionally, Stock Cans plays a critical role in reducing food waste, which is a growing concern in many households. By keeping track of expiration dates and reminding users to use items before they spoil, the system helps to ensure that food is consumed in a recurring time. This not only prevents waste but also reduce money by making sure that groceries are fully utilized. The system's precision in tracking inventory also helps users avoid overbuying items they may already have, promoting smarter shopping habits and more organized kitchens. Beyond individual household benefits, Stock Cans could be extended to broader applications, such as community or group living environments, where managing shared groceries and supplies can be challenging.
The system could streamline inventory management for shared kitchens, reducing confusion and ensuring that everyone has access to the essentials. Ultimately, Stock Cans offers a modern, tech-driven approach to grocery management that enhances convenience, promotes sustainability and improves overall household efficiency. Its intuitive design, real-time tracking, automated reminders and smart shopping list capabilities make it an invaluable tool for any household looking to save time, reduce waste and stay organized. The Stock Cans page offers a comprehensive overview of household grocery management, providing users with detailed insights into both their inventory and spending. On this page, users can view the total amount spent on groceries, giving them a clear idea of their grocery budget over a specific period.
C. Smart Toggle Module
Smart Toggle is a sophisticated device designed to automate and remotely control electrical systems while offering advanced power consumption monitoring. Its primary goal is to help users optimize their energy usage by providing detailed insights into how much power their electrical devices consume. By tracking voltage and current in real time, Smart Toggle accurately calculates energy usage, allowing users to make important decisions about their energy management. This amount of transparency empowers households and businesses to actively monitor their power consumption, identify inefficiencies and take steps to reduce energy waste, ultimately lowering electricity bills and minimizing environmental impact. One of Smart Toggle’s standout features is its ability to control electrical devices through automated schedules or remote commands, adding a new level of convenience and efficiency. Users can create customized schedules for their devices to turn on or off at specific times, ensuring that energy is used only when necessary. Additionally, Smart Toggle offers the flexibility of remote control through a mobile app, enabling users to manage their electrical devices from anywhere, whether they’re at home, at work, or on the go.
The device’s seamless integration into various electrical setups makes it highly versatile, ensuring easy usage with a large range of systems and appliances. Whether it’s managing lighting, heating, cooling, or other electrical equipment, Smart Toggle handles the switching of devices with precision and reliability, eliminating the need for manual intervention. By incorporating power monitoring with intelligent control, Smart Toggle goes beyond basic automation to offer a comprehensive solution for smarter energy management. It not only simplifies the process of controlling electrical devices but also optimizes their energy usage. This makes it an ideal tool for those looking to enhance the efficiency of their homes or businesses, reduce unnecessary energy consumption and contribute to a more sustainable future. Moreover, Smart Toggle's ability to automate energy saving schedules can lead to significant reductions in overall power consumption, making it an eco-friendly addition to any setup. As energy efficiency becomes increasingly important in today’s world, Smart Toggle provides a future solution that goes with the growing demand for intelligent, more sustainable energy woeks. The Smart Toggle page is designed to offer users complete remote control over all their electronic appliances, organized conveniently by room. Upon entering this page, users can select the specific room they want to manage and from there, they can choose which appliances they wish to access, such as fans, lights, TVs, or any other connected devices. This room-by-room selection simplifies the process of managing multiple appliances across different areas of the home, providing an intuitive and efficient interface for controlling electronics. Once a specific appliance is selected, the system navigates to a dedicated control page for that device. On this page, users can manage the appliance by setting timers or using switches to turn it on or off, depending on their preferences. The timer function allows for scheduled operation, ensuring that appliances are only used when needed, contributing to energy savings and convenience.
D. Hydro Sense Module
Hydro Sense is a cutting-edge gardening solution designed to revolutionize the way plants are irrigated, offering a smart, efficient, and convenient system for maintaining optimal hydration levels. This innovative system automates the watering process by leveraging two primary factors: user-defined preferences and real-time soil moisture readings. Hydro Sense continuously monitors the moisture levels in the soil, and when it detects that the moisture content falls below a user-set threshold, it automatically activates the water motor to deliver the appropriate amount of water. This ensures that plants receive the precise hydration they need, at the correct time, promoting healthy growth and reducing the risk of overflowing or underflowing. What truly sets Hydro Sense apart is its seamless integration with the HiveX app, which provides users to monitor and control their irrigation system remotely. Whether you are at home, at work, or even traveling abroad, you can easily access the app to check the real-time moisture levels in your garden, adjust watering schedules, or manually trigger the water motor if needed, all from your smartphone. This remote control feature adds significant convenience and peace of mind, as it allows users to tend to their plants from anywhere in the world. Powered by an ESP microcontroller, Hydro Sense ensures fast, reliable, and responsive performance to changes in the garden environment, making it an effective and dependable system. In addition to automated watering, Hydro Sense also tracks soil moisture trends over time, providing users with valuable insights into the moisture needs of their plants. This data enables gardeners to analyse patterns, adjust irrigation schedules, and fine-tune the watering system based on historical trends, making it especially useful for plants with varying hydration needs at different growth stages. The system’s adaptability to different soil types and plant varieties means it can be used in a large range of applications, from small home gardens to larger agricultural operations. Ease of use is another key feature of Hydro Sense. The system is simple to set up and operate, and it offers both automatic watering and manual override modes, giving users complete control over the irrigation process. Even in the event of power outages or network disruptions, Hydro Sense retains its settings, ensuring that the garden is still well taken care of without interruption. This reliability is particularly beneficial for maintaining plants' health, as it ensures they are consistently hydrated, regardless of external circumstances. Moreover, Hydro Sense is an eco-friendly solution, as it optimizes water usage and conserves resources, making it a great choice for environmentally conscious gardeners.
E. Lock Master Module
The Lock Master module represents a state-of-the-art security system that merges the benefits of One-Time Password (OTP)-based authentication and advanced biometric fingerprint recognition to deliver a multi-layered, highly reliable solution for securing valuables, sensitive areas, or restricted access zones. At its core, the system is powered by a microcontroller that serves as the brain of the operation, overseeing the entire authentication and access process. The OTP-based authentication feature utilizes a mobile app to generate temporary, time-sensitive access codes, ensuring that each OTP is unique and only valid for a limited duration. This dynamic feature prevents unauthorized access by ensuring that even if an OTP were intercepted, it would become useless after a brief period. Once the user inputs the OTP into the system, the microcontroller compares it with the OTP stored in its memory to verify its authenticity. Upon successful OTP validation, the microcontroller sends a signal to activate the solenoid lock, allowing access. This forms the first layer of security, ensuring that only users with valid, temporary codes can proceed. However, to address potential threats such as stolen or shared OTPs, the Lock Master module includes a second, more robust layer of protection: fingerprint authentication. This biometric authentication system ensures that access is granted only to individuals whose fingerprints have been pre-registered into the system’s database. The fingerprint scanner captures and analyzes the unique patterns of each user’s fingerprint, comparing it with the stored templates to authenticate identity. This layer of security adds a substantial barrier against unauthorized access, as fingerprints are unique to each individual and cannot be easily replicated or stolen, unlike passwords or OTPs. Only those who have both the correct OTP and a valid, registered fingerprint can unlock the system, making it resistant to common hacking techniques such as phishing or password theft. By combining OTP-based security with the reliability and precision of fingerprint recognition, the Lock Master module provides a fortified security solution that reduces the risk of unauthorized access to a minimum. It offers a great level of protection for a range of applications, example as securing offices, safes, doors, or any area that requires a robust access control system. The dual-factor authentication approach not only enhances the security but also offers peace of mind to users, knowing that the access system is practically impenetrable without both the correct OTP and the authorized fingerprint. This layered defense mechanism ensures that the Lock Master module is a versatile, dependable, and sophisticated solution for modern security needs.
F. Safe Gas Module
The Safe Gas module is an advanced safety solution designed to provide comprehensive protection in environments where gas usage is prevalent, such as kitchens or industrial gas handling areas. It combines multiple sensors and technologies to monitor gas leaks, pressure levels, and even sound signals, ensuring a high level of safety and preventing potential hazards. The system utilizes MQ sensors, which are highly sensitive to various gases, to detect any gas leakage. These sensors continuously monitor the environment, alerting users to the presence of harm gases like methane or LPG, long before it reaching dangerous levels. This speed detection significantly reduces the risk of explosions or poisoning, providing users with timely warnings and preventing accidents. In addition to the gas leakage detection, the Safe Gas module is equipped with a pressure meter that constantly monitors the gas pressure in the system. This pressure meter is crucial for identifying any irregularities, such as a drop or spike in gas pressure, which could indicate a malfunction in the gas system or the possibility of a leak. By monitoring and alerting users to these pressure variations, the system ensures that gas supply systems operate within safe parameters and alerts users to potential issues that may not be immediately visible. Furthermore, the Safe Gas module integrates a microphone sensor that captures sound waves generated by gas-related events, such as the familiar whistle of a pressure cooker. This feature provides valuable resources into the cooking process and also be used to assess the safety of gas appliances in real-time. The microphone sensor helps to identify unusual sounds or disturbances in gas appliances that could indicate malfunction or abnormal operation, further enhancing the system's ability to prevent accidents. The module's safety functionality extends beyond detection; it also acts as a protective valve in gas handling areas. The Safe Gas system is equipped with a smart mechanism that can automatically shut off the gas supply when it detects dangerous levels of smoke or gas in the environment. This automated response helps to reduce the risks associated with gas leaks or fires, cutting off the gas flow instantly and preventing further escalation of potential hazards. Designed with both user safety and convenience in mind, the Safe Gas module is fully compatible with modern smart home ecosystems. This integration allows the system to communicate with other smart devices in the home, enabling enhanced automation and remote monitoring. For example, users can receive real-time alerts on their smartphones if gas levels become hazardous or if the system detects irregularities in the gas pressure. Additionally, the Safe Gas system can be programmed to interact with other safety devices, such as smoke detectors or smart thermostats, creating a cohesive network of safety features that work in tandem to ensure the well-being of the household or workspace.
V. FUTURE WORK
Future enhancements for the HiveX system include:
The \"Adaptive Automation: Integrated Smart System with HiveX App\" paper has demonstrated the immense potential of combining adaptive automation with a user-friendly app to improve technical efficiency and decision making. By integrating real time data processing, IoT technology and machine learning, the system provides automated control and analytics that dynamically adjust to user preferences and environmental changes. The HiveX app enables seamless user interaction, offering intuitive control over functions such as home automation and occupancy monitoring, ensuring responsive and fluid processes.This adaptive system delivers key benefits, including reduced costs, enhanced automation accuracy and streamlined workflows across various sectors. Its smart decision-making algorithms support predictive analytics and proactive control, minimizing human intervention while increasing productivity. Users enjoy personalized feedback and ease of use, contributing to higher engagement. The paper showcases how adaptive automation can transform traditional processes into scalable, resilient systems that meet evolving user needs, paving the way for future innovations in both domestic and industrial applications.
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Copyright © 2025 M. Krithika, S. Parthiv Srinivaas , D. J. Hem Anuruth , M. Mukilan, M. Gowsik Jeshva, P. Priya Dharshini. This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
Paper Id : IJRASET66737
Publish Date : 2025-01-29
ISSN : 2321-9653
Publisher Name : IJRASET
DOI Link : Click Here