ASIC Design and Implementation of Automated Coffee and Tea Brewing System with FPGA Validation

Abstract

This paper presents a pioneering approach to enhance the efficiency of automated coffee and tea brewing systems through the integration of an ASIC-GDSII and FPGA validation. Leveraging the power of 45nm CMOS Technology, the design achieves substantial reductions in area, power consumption, and delay. The Verilog HDL code undergoes meticulous verification using Cadence tools like Genus and Innovus, ensuring optimal design performance. Innovus validates timing constraints, ensuring adherence to acceptable delay parameters. The resulting compact design not only minimizes power consumption but also effectively addresses leakage issues. These comprehensive optimizations meet stringent performance, area, and power requirements, elevating the operational efficiency of automated brewing systems. Furthermore, the control algorithm is synthesized and implemented using Xilinx\'s ISE Design Suite, followed by validation on SPARTAN 6 FPGA, providing invaluable insights for future synthesis and implementation endeavors.

Introduction

I. INTRODUCTION

The passage provided outlines the significance of automated machines, particularly focusing on coffee machines, in revolutionizing daily life through time-saving, convenience-enhancing, and quality-improving features. It highlights the necessity for coffee machines to adapt to evolving preferences, necessitating upgrades in their functionality and capabilities.

Recent advancements in programmable logic, specifically FPGA (Field-Programmable Gate Array) and CPLD (Complex Programmable Logic Device), are acknowledged for their role in streamlining device development processes. These programmable matrices offer rapid customization options, optimizing both the development and implementation phases. They allow for flexibility in design and troubleshooting while reducing complexity and time requirements[I][III].

Moreover, the introduction of ASIC (Application-Specific Integrated Circuit) level chips is noted for their contribution to enhancing efficiency in automated machines. ASICs have significantly reduced area, power consumption, and delay parameters, thereby improving overall system performance.

The paper proposes the development of a control algorithm for automated coffee machines, utilizing Verilog HDL (Hardware Description Language) within CADENCE Tool Suite and Xilinx's ISE Design Suite. This approach is chosen for its simplicity, cost-effectiveness, and effectiveness in managing synthesis processes. By implementing the control algorithm in Verilog HDL, the coffee machine's functionality can be seamlessly upgraded to meet changing customer demands [II][IV].

The current development plan suggests the incorporation of six modes for each beverage using parallel control. This strategy ensures enhanced functionality and versatility in the automated coffee machine, allowing users to select from a variety of options to suit their preferences[V][VI][X].

The aims of this paper are as follows: designing the operational features of an Automatic Coffee machine utilizing Verilog HDL programming language, validating its functionality via NC Launch ISIM Simulator with the Cadence tool, assessing the Pre-Synthesis and Post-Synthesis stages of the design using the Genus Tool within Cadence, transforming the RTL (Register Transfer Level) code into GDS (Graphic Data System) format through the INNOVUS Tool within Cadence, optimizing the design's Area, Power, and Delay, and finally, validating the design on Spartan 6 FPGA.

Thus, the paper's main goal is to introduce a strong control method for automatic coffee machines. It uses new technology in computer chips to make a coffee machine that's both affordable and can adapt to what customers want.

II. METHODOLOGY

The block diagram illustrates the menu selection of an automated coffee and Tea Brewing system, as depicted in Figure 1.

This system offers six modes of operation, each catering to different preferences:

• Milk.
• Espresso.
• Cappuccino.
• Americano.
• Tea.
• Lemon Tea.

Each mode triggers a specific sequence of processes based on the selected program. These operation involved in preparing the various menu options in the automated coffee dispenser:

1. Milk:

   - Cup: Place a Cup.

   - Milk: Dispenses Milk into the cup.

   - Sugar: Adds sugar.

   - Stirrer: Mixes the contents thoroughly.

   - Finish: Ready to serve.

2. Espresso:

   - Cup: Place a Cup.

   - Coffee: Dispenses Coffee Powder.

   - Water: Adds water.

   - Sugar: Adds sugar.

   - Stirrer: Mixes the contents thoroughly.

   - Finish: Ready to serve.

3. Cappuccino:

   - Cup: Place a Cup

   - Coffee: Dispense Coffee Powder into the cup.

   - Milk: Adds milk.

   - Sugar: Adds Sugar.

   - Stir: Mixes the ingredients.

   - Finish: Ready to serve.

4. Americano:

   - Cup: Place a cup.

   - Coffee: Dispense coffee into the cup.

   - Water: Dispense hot water twice.

   - Sugar: Adds sugar.

   - Stirrer: Mixes the contents thoroughly.

   - Finish: Ready to serve.

5. Tea:

   - Cup: Place a cup.

   - Tea Leaves &Spices: Dispense tea ingredients.

   - Water: Adds water.

   - Sugar: Adds sugar.

   - Stirrer: Mixes the contents thoroughly.

   - Finish: Ready to serve.

6. Lemon Tea:

   - Cup: Place a cup.

   - Tea Leaves: Dispense tea leaves.

   - Lemon Syrup: Add lemon syrup.

   - Water: Add water.

   - Sugar: Add sugar.

   - Stir: Mixes the contents thoroughly.

   - Finish: Ready to serve.

Each operation is essential in preparing the desired beverage, ensuring accurate ingredient dispensing, mixing, and customization according to user preference

III. IMPLEMENTATION

Each individual process activates a corresponding timer, which is considered in the development of the control program. Importantly, each program operates independently from others, and if a program is not needed, it can be removed from the selection.

In this paper, we have several parameters to consider. The Input Parameters are: rst, clk and mode select. The Output Parameters are: Milk, Espresso, Cappuccino, Americano, Tea and   Lemon Tea.

The implementation of an automated coffee and tea brewing system using FPGA involves a meticulous series of steps. First, we use Verilog HDL to encode the core functionality of the coffee machine. Through comprehensive simulation using the NC Launch ISIM Simulator with the Cadence tool, we rigorously validate the behavior of the system.

Moving forward, the design undergoes scrutiny in both the Pre-Synthesis and Post-Synthesis stages using the Genus Tool within Cadence. This ensures that the RTL code is refined and optimized for subsequent stages. The transformation of the RTL code into GDS format is achieved through the INNOVUS Tool, ensuring compatibility and readiness for FPGA deployment.

During this transformation, we focus on optimizing key metrics such as Area, Power, and Delay to enhance overall efficiency and performance. Finally, we port the design onto a Spartan 6 FPGA for real-world validation, ensuring seamless integration and functionality within the physical hardware environment. Through this comprehensive process, the automated coffee and tea brewing system is meticulously crafted and validated for optimal performance and reliability.

For example, for "cappuccino" there are 6 states:

Conclusion

The Coffee and Tea Brewing System has been effectively crafted, synthesized, and realized using CADENCE Tool, marking a significant achievement in its development. Validation of this system has been successfully conducted using XILINX ISE 14.7 on a SPARTAN-6 FPGA kit, allowing for comprehensive observation of parameters from both technologies. The ASIC design showcases remarkable efficiency, boasting minimal power consumption of 0.7259mW Watts and impressively low delay time of 1.733us and Area of 1013.57um^2. Consequently, this solution presents the opportunity for integration with Embedded Systems, paving the way for the creation of a marketable smart Maker with enhanced capabilities.

References

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Copyright

Copyright © 2024 Prof. Manjula B B, Agniva Ghosh, Gowtham S, Manoj K S, Pushkar D. This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.