Design and Analysis of a 28 GHz Micro strip Patch Antenna for 5G Wireless Communications

Abstract

In this paper, a 28GHz micro strip patch antenna (MSPA) design and performance analysis for fifth-generation (5G) communication systems is presented. The antenna is designed using FR4 substrate material with thickness of 0.244 mm, and and analyzed using HFSS (High frequency structure simulator) simulator. The simulated results show that, the beam-gain of 7.587 dBi, directivity of 7.509 dBi, the radiation efficiency of 97.33 %, and bandwidth of 1.046 GHz, compared to other similar designs suffers from losses are gained from the antenna significantly better bandwidth, beam-gain, return loss, and radiation efficiency. Therefore, the proposed antenna gives a highly competitive performance as related to other works, and also, it is a potential candidate antenna type for 5G wireless communication systems.

Introduction

I. INTRODUCTION

Over the past few decades, wireless communication systems have brought a significant impact on the daily lives of human beings. Consequently, nowadays, more   and more users connect their devices to the existing networks which are causing a constant increase in data increasing in the upcoming years. To deal with the ascension of wireless data traffic, the next deployment of wireless communication networks is at a nascent phase, which is stated to be a fifth generation wireless network [1-3]. The emerging 5G communication systems are high capacity by exploiting enormous unlicensed bandwidth millimeter wave band. It is also expected to be ready to provide and support very high data rates which in turn to a rep laced challenge on network requirements as well as in the designs to satisfy the expected data rate and capacity [4- 6]. The advancement of wireless communication systems require low-profile antenna types that are capable of delivering astonishing performance over a wide frequency band. With this regard, the MSPA represents a lucid choice for volume, and a low-profile configuration as compared to the other bulky types of antennas. The MSPA is easy and multi- purpose in terms of the directivity, gain, return loss, BW measuring techniques, and tuning dimensions of the antenna. polarization, resonant frequency, pattern, and  input functions [7-10].

II. MATERIAL SPECIFICATION AND METHODOLOGY

The performance characteristics of the antennas are mainly structures, and the material properties from which they are made. In this study, the rectangular patch shape selected because it is easy to angular patch shape selected because it is easy to design and analyze and it has wide bandwidth by reason of its broader shape as compared to other types. The physical structure of the examined MSPA is given in Fig - 1.

 MSPA bandwidth and radiation efficiency by   boosting surface laterally through the feed line. Consequently undesired cross-polarized radiation is directed ed by feed radiation such as conductor, dielectric and radiation which mainly results in narrowing the bandwidth and lowering the gain [7-10].

IV. RESULTS ANALYSIS AND DISCUSSION

In this section, the simulation results and discussions of the proposed rectangular MSPA is presented. To analyze the designed antenna, we simulated the proposed design of MSPA using HFSS software. The return loss is calculated with respect to solution frequency of 28 Ghz. The antenna is matched to 50? feed-line.

On the other side, the magnitude of VSWR is also used to quantify the reflection of the power from the antenna to the source. The simulated VSWR plot of the designed MSPA is revealed in Fig - 3. Therefore, between 27.397 GHz - 28.507 GHz, the magnitude of VSWR is less than two, which is in the acceptable range and 1.023 at 28 GHz. Another parameter that is often used to characterize the MSPA radiation pattern as drawn in Fig 4. And all the simulations are done in HFSS software with respect to the solution frequency (28 GHz). The simulated parameters which have calculated through graph are S11 i.e. return loss of the antenna, VSWR (voltage standing wave ratio, gain, directivity with respect to impedance 50 ohm. The initially calculated and optimized dimensions of the MSPA are summarized in Table1 and the simulation results are summarized in Table 2 respectively. And all the simulations are done In HFSS software with respect to the solution frequency (28 GHz).

Conclusion

In this paper, design and performance analysis of a 28GHz rectangular MSPA for 5G applications is presented. The proposed MSPA simulation result shows that the return loss, directivity, beam gain, and bandwidth of; -20.5949 dB, 7.509 dBi, 7.587 dBi, and 1.046 GHz respectively. As compared to existing designs reported in the scientific literature, the proposed antenna shows significantly better performance. In this paper, better performance has been achieved because of the introduction of the combined optimizations of parameters. Therefore, the designed antenna in this paper is a good candidate antenna type for the 5G millimeter-wave wireless applications. The high-gain antenna provides a wide coverage area for data exchange.

References

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Copyright

Copyright © 2022 Abhik Bhattacharyya. This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.