Design and Fabrication of Plastic Shredder

Abstract

: Prior to being transformed into useful items, plastic trash is first shredded into little pieces using a plastic shredder machine. The shredder machine that is currently on the market has a concept design that is quite similar. The performance of the shredding machine is mostly dependent on the shaft and blades. It was discovered that the geometry and orientation of the blades installed in the double-shafts had a direct impact on the shredding efficiency. The feeding unit, shredding unit, power transmission unit, and machine frame make up the shredder.

Introduction

I. INTRODUCTION

Plastic shredders are being an emerging solution for turning the waste plastic into reusable resources. Plastic shredders are quite useful in the process of plastic waste management by shredding the plastic waste into fine pieces which can be recycled and can be reused again thereby helping the environment. This low-cost plastic shredder is surely an effective solution meanwhile keeping the cost low and with hampering the overall process of shredding. It is a robust machine which is used to shred the plastic bottles into small pieces, it has a set of cutting blades mounted on double shaft arrangement which will be further connected to the chain coupling arrangement; the worm and worm wheel gearbox has been used to reduce the rpm and increase the torque required to cut the plastic. The whole setup will be powered with the help of a 1 HP induction motor having 1440 rpm.

A. Objectives

1. To build a functioning plastic shredding machine for shredding plastic waste, hence reducing the plastic waste.
2. To study and apply the design procedure for shredder machine parts such as shaft, cutting blade, bearing and hopper respectively.
3. To analyze the performance of cutting blade by using finite element analysis.
4. To shred the plastic waste into small pieces by using set of cutting blades so as to help in the process of plastic waste management.

???????B. Analytical Calculations of Components

1)  Cutting Blade: We are using a shredder blade with three cutting edges for plastic shredding. The calculate the cutting force required for the cutting, we have studied the Mechanical properties of the PET (Polyethylene Terephthalate) material which are given below.

                                                                                   TABLE 1

                                                                Mechanical Properties of PET material

II. ACKNOWLEDGEMENT

I take this opportunity to thank all those who have contributed in successful completion of Project work. I would like to express my sincere thank you to my guide

Prof. Dr. G. S. Modak who has encouraged me to work on this topic and valuable guidance wherever required. I also extend my gratitude to Prof. Dr. S. Y. Bhosale (H.O.D. Mechanical Engineering Dept.) who has provided me opportunity to explore the subject with more enthusiasm.

I express my immense pleasure and thankfulness to all the teachers and staff of the Department of Mechanical Engineering, PES’s Modern College of Engineering, Pune for their co-operation and support.

Conclusion

1) The plastic bottle has been successfully shredded with the help of set of blades, the Fig. 26 shows the shredded pieces of plastic bottle. 2) The Cutting blade selected is having three cutting edges with cutting force of 450N per blade. 3) The material selected for cutting blade is EN8 steel. 4) The shaft material selected is 40C8 with diameter of 18.35 mm, rounded off to 25 mm with a span of 270 mm. 5) There are 4 blades mounted on one shaft with a distance of 40 mm in between them, and there are 3 blades on second shaft with a distance of 40 mm between each other. 6) There are two shafts with blades on each rotating in opposite direction with the help of gears. 7) The shredder is powered with the help of 1 HP Induction motor having 1440 rpm, the speed has been reduced with the help of Worm and worm wheel gearbox with reduction ratio 30:1. The required rpm for working of the shredder is 50 rpm. 8) A hopper has been designed to feed the plastic bottles into the shredder with a decreasing cross-sectional area. 9) The whole setup is mounted on a fabricated stand with appropriate dimensions.

References

[1] M. F. Nasr and K. A. Yehia, Stress analysis of a Shredder Blade for cutting waste plastics (Journal of International Society for Science and Engineering issued Dec 2019). [2] N. B. V. Lakshmi Kumari, Yousuf Ahmed Faraz, Yousuf Khan and Anas Farzan, Design and Fabrication of Shredding Machine used for Plastics (IOSR Journal of Mechanical and Civil Engineering issued Mar-Apr 2021). [3] Prof. Dhiresh Desale and Neha A. Joshi, A review paper of design and fabrication of plastic shredding machine (International Journal of Advance Research and Innovative Ideas in Education issued Apr 2021). [4] S. VijayAnanth, T. N. Sureshkumar, Dhanasekaran C and Arvinth Kumar A, Design and Fabrication of Plastic Shredder Machine for Clean Environment (International Journal of Management, Technology and Engineering issued Dec 2018). [5] Atadious David and Oyejide Oluwayomi Joel, Design and Construction of a Plastic Shredder Machine for Recycling and Management of Plastic Wastes (International Journal of Scientific and Engineering Research issued May 2018).

Copyright

Copyright © 2023 Mr. Pratik A. Surgude, Mr. Abhishek R. Sawant, Mr. Tushar A. Nirwan, Mr. Prem R. Vhatkar, Prof. Girish S. Modak. This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.