Literature Review on Design and Fabrication of Refrigerant Based Air Cooler

Abstract

With the recent government organization and regulation for saving the water, trees, curtains to the use of these sources which contribute to global warming present day mankind uses various equipment in their daily need which includes conventional cooler, AC etc. This consumes large amount of water and electricity so for reducing the use of these main sources research involves the use of VCRS system which include eco-friendly refrigerant R134a in cooler system. This system is mounted in the research model in a proper manner so that it is compact in size. The refrigerant R134a absorbs the heat from air and makes the air cooled, itself getting vaporized in evaporator and then the cooled air is sent outward from the opening. In the research model with help of fan running on motor and gives the cooling effect. This use of VCRS system with eco -friendly refrigerant reduces the consumption of the water, electricity consumption and tree which is used for making wood wool in conventional cooler. This ultimately reduces the global warming. For making these purposes the project is developed.

Introduction

I. INTRODUCTION

For most people, certainly in the developed world, the word ‘refrigeration’ would probably evoke the image of a white or metallic- grey  device  in  their  homes  which  is  used  to  keep  food  and  beverages  cool.  These  devices  are  generally  reliable  and  low- maintenance and have a familiar, comforting quality, but do not solicit much thought or attention. However, refrigeration goes far beyond the domestic setting, or the supermarket or grocery store where ‘fridges’ are most commonly seen by the average person. The reality is that societies in the developed world depend on refrigeration to the point where it would be no exaggeration to say that many lives would be lost if all mechanical refrigerators were suddenly to fail.

In India, during summer season the temperature increases up to its peak mostly about range of 45°c to 50°c. During this season there is very increase in demand of cooling equipment’s such as air coolers, air conditioner etc. If we talk about traditional air coolers, these coolers have very high demand in India because they are cheap and affordable in every aspect and most of the Indian population is belongs to the middle class and thus they can afford these traditional coolers. But these coolers too have disadvantages such as they consumes large amount of water i.e about 45 to 50 litres of water every day. also we know that middle class population of India is about 267 million. Although if we consider 250 million of population uses about 50 litres of water every day in their cooler, they consume 12500 million litres of water only in summer season which is very high amount. Also these coolers consume 250 rupees of electricity per month according to the Indian standards. Also these coolers consumes large amount of wood wool, which is obtained by cutting large amount of trees and trees are the essential parameter which is used.

II.  LITERATURE REVIEW

After very vast literature review, the opinion by various authors have listed below,

A. Satish Markad, Vishal Nathile, Faizan Qureshi et.al.[1]

 In this research paper suggested  to reduce electricity consumption for refrigeration cum air conditioner, air cooler and water cooler, also save water and forest which are affected a great impact to maintain an ecological balance and to make it cost effective, so normal person can offer this product. Environmental groups and governmental agencies have cooperated over the last two decades to bring about reductions in refrigeration and air conditioning systems energy consumption and refrigerant emissions.

B. Bhupendra Sahare, Chavvikant Shahu et.al.[2]

In above research paper we learned, Mathematically of the proposed cooler utilized for air cooling has been developed by writing equations of energy balance for the various parts as well as give the details of the parts for selection  as per requirement  in the cooler. They give the information about design the cooler with minimum cost and space and give determination of the consumption as compared to the domestic cooler.

C. Kolandavel Mani, Vallapan Selladurai, Natarajan Murugan et.al.[3]

The researcher from above research paper shows the experimental investigations of all the refrigirants which is best suited in VCR system using design of experiment technique by mathematical modeling and experimental validations. As well as which refrigerant is best suited for eco-friendly in nature with there all parameters.

D. R N S V Ramanakanth, C.Lakshmi Sindhuja, J. Emeema et.al.[4]

In these research paper it shows that The portable air conditioning system satisfies the need of the user at the most economical cost. The portable air conditioner is having very low manufacturing and maintenance cost. Its cooling power is comparable to wall air conditioner.

It provides transportability, can be moved anywhere easily. It can be used in our bedroom and drawing rooms as well as it is completely non-polluting.

E. V. Narasimharaj, S. Abinash, S. Aravindan, V. Deepak, K. Guhan  et.al.[5]

The project carried out by us made an impressing task in the field of design and fabricatin of air conditioning cooler. This project has also reduced the cost involved in the concern. project has been designed to perform the entire requirement task which has also been provided. This gives us to design the cooler to work efficiently as per VCRsystem.

F. Anshu Raj, Neelesh Soni et.al.[6]

The above  research paper shows the actual working and stages of VCR system as per chart and the perfect application               each and every components in VCR system. it given help in selection of components with there specification.

G. S. Uma Maheswara Reddy, V. Dhana Raju, P. Tharum SAI et.al.[7]

In this research paper  suggested  the  compararitive performance analysis of domestic refrigerator using R12, R134a, R600a Refrigirants in VCRsystem which cheaper in cost, eco-friendly as well as not harmful for human being and nature.

H. Dr. Osama Mohammed Elmardia Suleiman Khayal et.al.[8]

The simplicity of an evaporative cooler or swamp cooler when compared to an air conditioner also translates to cheaper installation and maintenance costs.

It can lower the ambient temperature as much as a vapor-compression or refrigerant-based air conditioning units. In other words, it is as effective and as efficient as air conditioners  in terms of cooling capacity; an refrigerant based air cooler can  provide similar thermal comfort.

There is also no need to use this electric appliance alongside exhaust ducts or open windows, or in the open air to maximize its efficiency just like evaporative air cooler.

I. Michele Roffi, Fernando, Anibal T. DE Almeida et.al.[9]

 Now a days we are looking for tremendous hotness due to global warming etc so the requirement of cooler is necessary thus there is an scarcity of water in large cities like Mumbai, Nagpur, etc thus ti overcome these all we design the refrigerant based air cooler. In this research paper we have discussed the utilization of a cooler for air cooling.

J. Bhatia. I. A  et.al.[10]

In these research paper we imperatively ensures that the refrigerant proceeds in a way that does not reduce the system efficiency or coefficient of performance (COP) and thus it helps us to get in our cooler.

Conclusion

1) This project is very cheap and effective as compared with the conventional cooler and air conditioner system as it based on VCRs system. It has very low power consumption which ultimately increases the cop of the system which increases the cooling effect (refrigeration effect) of the system. It is portable. It has very low effect on environment as it saves electricity and water. One-time Installation procedure. 2) The concept is very cost effective as compared to AC. 3) Very Energy Effective system.

References

[1] Satish markad, vishal nathile, faizan qureshi, ijariie-issn(o)-2395-4396, vol-4 issue-2 2018. [2] Bhupendra sahare, chavvikant shahu, design and development of a cooler used for air cooling and refrigeration. International journal of recent technology and engineering (ijrte) issn: 2277-3878, volume-8 issue-5, january 2020. [3] Kolandavel mani, vallapan selladurai, natarajan murugan, experimental investigations with eco-friendlyrefrigerants using design of experiments technique -mathematical modeling and experimental validation. Experimental investigations with eco-friendly refrigerants …thermal science, year 2014, vol. 18, suppl. 2, pp. S363-s374. [4] R n s v ramanakanth, c.lakshmi sindhuja, j.emeema, design and fabrication of portable air conditioner. Publication since 2012 | issn: 2321-9939 | ©ijedr 2020 year 2020, volume 8, issue 1. [5] V.narasimharaj, s.abinash, s.aravindan, v.deepak, k.guhan. Design and fabrication of air cooler system. April 2018 | ijirt | volume 4 issue 11 | issn: 2349-6002. Ijirt 145975 international journal of innovative research in technology 1600. [6] Anshu raj, neelesh soni. Review of design of air conditioning system for commercial and domestic applications. (irjet) e-issn: 2395-0056. Volume: 04 issue: 07 | july -2017 p-issn: 2395-0072. [7] S.uma maheswara reddy, v.dhana raju, p.tharum sai. Comparative performance analysis of domestic refrigerator using r12, r134a and r600a. Volume 5 i issue 3 i july – sept 2018 e issn 2348 –1269, print issn 2349-5138. [8] Dr. Osama mohammed elmardia suleiman khayal. Uses , advantages and limitations of evaporative coolers. Decook, k. James, kennith foster and martin karpiscak, . “the w-index for residential water conservation.” In water resources bulletin, vol. 24, no. 6. [9] Michele roffi, fernando, anibal t. De almeida. Comparison of different cooling fan designs for electric motors” , ieee international conference on electric machines and drives (iemdc),may-2017. [10] Bhatia, i. A. (2012). Principles of evaporative cooling system. Applied energy, 72(3-4), 565–581.(2002) evaporative cooling design guidelines manual.

Copyright

Copyright © 2022 Dr. A. H. Ingle, Rutuj Sarne, Roshan Patle, Rohit Pandav, Sumit Chavhan, Riteshkumar Panjariya. This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.