Experimental Investigation of Corn Shelling Machine

Abstract

Assessing the performance characteristics of the developed corn shelling machine is the focus of this paper. Corn shelling machine was fabricated based on an engineering design approach with the aid of software (CAD) and values and was later fabricated at K.D.K College of Engineering, Nagpur Workshop using suitable materials after considering the factors such as Hardness, ease of machining, tensile strength, availability, durability, and the cost. The machine is electrically operated by an electric motor with a power rating of 2.235 kW, speed of 1430 rpm, and torque of 14.92 Nm. Corn losses and damages were found to be very negligible.

Introduction

I. INTRODUCTION

Processed corn is used in the manufacturing of many products, starting from breakfast foods, corn meal-flour and grits, starch, corn syrup, corn oil, spirits, acetone, chemical, absorbent, seed, and silage. Therefore, a large quantity of maize is needed to meet the need of the agro-allied industries in providing the afore-stated items for the use and survival of humanity. The increased quality of maize can be enhanced by devising an effective method of processing. The sequence of maize processing includes harvesting, de-husking, shelling, winnowing, drying, bagging, and storage. Maize shelling is defined as the removal of grains from the cobs by the initial impact, and rubbing action as the material passes through a restricted clearance between the cylinder, and concave bars. The performance of these hand-operated shelling machines is limited and can cater to only domestic maize requirements.

Power-operated machines including Mo hinder, radar, Armar, sherdur, amude, spike tooth tropical motorized maize shelling machine, and Francis smith shelling machine have been used till date, and can handle a large amount of cobs butte cost of purchase is prohibitive for the local farmers. Tractor operated shelling machine is the most costly among maize shelling machines, because it demands the additional cost of a tractor for the operation of the machine; but has an added advantage of providing the facility for cobs transportation. The existing shelling machines have another problem in the area of increased damage to the grains while shelling them from the cobs. This made the manual method better than the machining method because of the low grain damage witnessed in it.

Therefore, an effort towards minimizing grain damage while engaging in mass production, during the shelling process, will be commendable. Therefore, information on the most influential factories is needed by designers, to incorporate the right shelling cylinder into the shelling machine that will promote high efficiency with few corn grains damages.

II. CAD MODEL OF CORN SHELLING MACHINE

After that design complete semi-atomize machine, then regarding development done on shelling, grading and crushing machine. Parameters will be selected according to objectives. 3D diagrams & photos of each components and assembled machine and line diagrams with labelling. The various instruments used for fabrication of machine. Following are the main components of machine:-

• MOTOR
• TOP COVER
• GRILL DRUM
• BOTTOM COVER 
• PEDESTALS BEARING
• PULLEYS (200 MM & 40MM )
• V-BELT
• THRESHER CYLINDER 
• FOUNDATION FRAME

III. ASSEMBLY

The arrangement of various component of “CORN SHELLING MACHINE” is being done are as follows:

1. The foundation frame is being selected which carry the entire load of the machine.
2. The bottom cover is mounted on the foundation frame with the bolt, nut is welded on foundation frame, which is fasten using nut and bolt
3. The grill drum is placed at the center of foundation frame, bolt are inserted in hole of the foundation frame.
4. The thresher shaft is mounted on the top of the foundation frame with the help of pedestals bearing which is fasten using nut and bolt.
5. Grading system is introduced below drum which has two outlets namely outlet one and outlet two.
6. The top cover with hopper is mounted on the side of foundation frame covering the grill drum, and fastened with nut and bolt
7. Cover of foundation frame (top face) which provide entire covering is fasten using bolts.
8. Motor is mounted on the bottom side of frame where stands are made for it.
9. 8 inch, and 2.5 inch pulley is mounted on roller and motor shaft respectively, over which belt is mounted for transmission of power.

The above arrangement ensure that all element of the project are balanced and also centre of gravity of the assembly is on axis as that of the center of gravity human body that is on spinal cord.

IV. ACKNOWLEDGEMENT

The author would like to express his sincere thanks to his guide Asst. Prof. Vedanand.N. Mujbaile and Asst. Prof. Mayur .S. Shelke for his valuable references and support  throughout the seminar work.

References

[1]. Y.V. Mahatale and V.P. Pathak [1]:- Physiological Evaluation of Different Manually Operated Corn Shelling Methods. [2]. J.N. Nwakairea, B.O. Ugwuishiwub, C.J. Ohagwuc[8] Design, Construction and Performance Analysis of a Maize Thresher for Rural Dweller. [3]. A.O. Ojomo, 1M.O. Ale and J.O. Ogundele [6] Response Surface Methodology Approach To Optimizing Performance Parameters Of A Locally Fabricated Maize Shelling Machine. [4]. Oriaku E.C, Agulanna C.N, Nwannewuihe H.U, Onwukwe M.C and Adiele, I.D. [5]. Shiwalkar B.D. “Design data for machine elements’’, 2010 Denett & Company. [6]. “PARTICLE TECHNOLOGY” by “Dr. Jie Zhang”

Copyright

Copyright © 2022 Rakesh M. Sharma, Asst. Prof. Vedanand. N. Mujbaile, Asst. Prof. Mayur. S. Shelke. This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.