Fake News Detection Using Machine Learning

Abstract

Fake news is one of the most popular phenomena that effects on our social life[2]. Nowadays, growing faux information turns into very smooth due to user’s considerable the usage of internet. It is a severe problem as its cap potential to motive a variety of social damage.In this paper, we can make an evaluation of studies associated with faux information detection. We will use system studying algorithms to pick the first-class version for detection of faux or actual information. The end result will display the accuracy of dataset. In this paper, we can use supervised studying like- Logistic Regression, svm, Naïve Bayes etc.

Introduction

I. INTRODUCTION

Fake News is fake or deceptive facts provided as information. Fake information has additionally been known as junk information, pseudo-information, fake information. The term “Fake information” has turn out to be a common, mainly for describing the deceptive & fake articles to make cash from net page’s[1]. Fake information intention is  to control human beings opinions. Today we agree with in what we see on social media & we don’t pursue to test if supplied information is actual or faux[1]. Sometimes, it's far tough to differentiate among faux and actual information due to the fact we want to spend long term to test the references of information.

This paper endorse a method to create a version on the way to come across if information is actual or faux primarily based totally on it’s words, phrases, source & name via way of means of making use of supervised system studying algorithms at the dataset[6]. The algorithm will test the dataset, it will give accuracy of correctness of news means prediction of news whether it is real or fake. Then, we will choose best model on the basis of accuracy obtained from the algorithms.

II. LITERATURE REVIEW

Reham Jehad &Suhad A. Yousif, “Fake news Classification using Random Forest & Decision Tree (J48)”, 2020 [2]

In this research paper, they utilize 2 different machine learning algorithms (Random forest, Decision Tree) to detect Fake news. They have taken dataset & pre-processed it by removing unnecessary special character, numbers, white spaces etc. & describe the workflow design of these 2 algorithms &at last experimental results. But in this paper, they have used only 2 algorithms of machine learning, there are many more algorithms that give more accuracy rate.

Uma Sharma, Sidarth Saran, Shankar M. Patil, “Fake News Detection using Machine Learning Algorithms”, 2020 [5].In this research paper, they have used three algorithms of machine learning, main goal of this paper was to look at how these particular methods work for this particular problem given a manually labelled news dataset & to support the thought of using AI for fake news detection. In order to curb the phenomenon, it takes input from the user &classify it to be true or false. There is no dataset, which can be checked, user have to input the news manually.

Z Khanam1 , B N Alwasel1 , H Sirafi1 and M Rashid2, “Fake News Detection Using Machine Learning Approaches”,2020[6]. In this paper, we analyze research related to fake news detection, examine traditional machine learning models and choose the best one, to create a model fora product equipped with supervised machine learning algorithm, which can classify fake news as true or false.

Using tools like Python Scikit-Learn, NLP for text analysis. This process leads to feature extraction and vectorization.This paper focuses on detecting the fake news by reviewing it in two stages: characterization and disclosure. The displayed fake news detection approach that is based on text analysis in the paper utilizes models based on speech characteristics and predictive models that do not fit with the other current models.

The researcher proposed a method for mining the productive information from web using classification algorithms particle swarm optimization and support vector machine[13].Author proposed a big data query optimization system for sentiment analysis of telecom customer tweets. The hybrid system suggested by researcher influenced the repeated neural network [12]. Researcher proposes a framework in which dataset of customers is analyzed using spearman method [13].

III. STUDY OF FAKE NEWS DETECTION

A. Methodology

This paper helps to identify fake news and real news. We identify news on the basis of machine learning algorithms. We have studied and trained the model with 3 algorithms.In this paper, we have used Python and its libraries. Python has various set of libraries, which can be easily used in machine learning. [5]. To identify the fake and real news following steps are used:-

Step 1: Choose appropriate fake news dataset

Step 2: Pre-Process the dataset

Step 3: Classify the dataset using algorithms

Step 4: Evaluate model performance using different metrics like- accuracy, correctness, recall, precision etc.

All these algorithms get as precise as possible.The dataset is applied to different algorithms in order to detect the fake news. The accuracy of the results obtained are then analyzed to conclude the final result.

B. Algorithms

1. Logistic Regression: Logistic regression is a supervised classification algorithm. It is used to predict a binary outcome based upon a set of independent variables. A binary outcome is one where there are simply two implicit scenarios—either the event happens (1) or it does not happen (0). Independent variables are those variables or factors which may impact the results (or dependent variable).

Conclusion

Although there is evident success in detection of fake news and posts using various Data Mining approaches. However ever changing characteristics and features of fake news in social media networks is posing a challenge in categorization of fake news.Due to increasing use of internet, it’s now easy to spread fake news. A Large number of persons are regularly connected with internet and social media platforms. There’s no any restriction while posting any news on these platforms. So some of the people take the advantage of these platforms and start spreading fake news against the individuals or associations. This can destroy the reputation of an individual or can affect a business. Through fake news, the view of the people can also be fluctuated for a political party. There’s a necessity for the way to detect these fake news. Data mining classifiers are using for different purposes and these can also be used for detecting the fake news. These classifiers are first trained with a data set called training data set. After that, these classifiers will automatically detect fake news.

References

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Copyright

Copyright © 2022 Akansha Jain, Dilpreet Kaur. This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.