Feasibility of RCC Structure Resting on Backfilled Soil

Abstract

Backfilled land for Reinforced Concrete Cement (RCC) structures emerges as a sustainable solution. However, the inherent differences between naturally deposited soil and backfilled soil necessitate a comprehensive assessment of its index and engineering properties. This project employs core cutter and water content tests, supplemented by direct shear tests, to evaluate the suitability of backfilled soil for construction purposes. Furthermore, bearing capacity analysis is conducted utilizing Terzaghi\'s equation at minimum cost to ascertain the load-bearing capabilities of various foundation types. The incorporation of the bearing capacity table from the Indian building code facilitates the determination of requisite bearing capacities tailored to different soil types. Through this project, a systematic approach to utilizing backfilled soil for RCC structures is proposed, addressing both environmental concerns and the imperative for sustainable urban development of India.

Introduction

I. INTRODUCTION

There are challenges associated with determining the actual behavior of soil foundation due to its when subjected to an imposed loading. this research work was aimed at modelling the soil bearing capacity with specific consideration of index properties parameters of soil, shear strength parameters and relative varied depths, by employing Terzaghi’s equations. To considerably overcome complexities, and spontaneous variabilities associated with natural soil foundation and natural bearing capacity was determined as output with relatively high level of accuracy. [5]. The study highlights the issue of subsidence in backfilled opencast mines through a meticulous understanding of different case studies of construction on mine spoil. The prime focus of the study apart from structural and construction aspects includes the behavior of heterogeneous mine spoil. Collapse settlement and hydro compression are discussed to develop an understanding of failure in backfill [3]. Opencast mining techniques generally create waste land after mining activity is over. Rising population and land scarcity demand rehabilitation of these backfilled opencast mines. Hence, some strategy needs to be devised for constructing low rise buildings counteracting challenges like heterogeneity of the backfilled soil leading to differential settlement/collapse settlement and the low bearing capacity of fill soil. [3].

Shallow foundations are one of the most common types of foundations for buildings, retaining walls and other structures. The shallow footings are typically designed to transfer the loads safely from the superstructure to the supporting soil such that the settlements are in acceptable limits as per the design and construction codes. The bearing capacity of the shallow foundations is conventionally estimated using the approaches originally presented by Terzaghi and Meyerhof assuming the soil is in a state of saturated condition [8]. Disturbed samples or remolded samples can be used to determine the index property of the soil. Index properties are also known as the indicative of engineering properties such compressibility, permeability and shear strength. The test required for determination of engineering properties is elaborate and time consuming. Sometimes, the geotechnical engineer is interested to have some rough assessment of the engineering properties without conducting elaborate tests. This is only possible when index properties of soil determined. [1].

A. Terzaghi’s Equation

The Terzaghi Bearing Capacity Equation provides a simplified approach to estimating the maximum load-carrying capacity of a shallow foundation based on the properties of the soil and the dimensions of the foundation. Bearing capacity factors Nc, Nq, and Nγ depend on the values of angles of internal friction (φ) The values of Nc, Nq, and Nγ depends on angle of internal friction and are taken as per the table given in chart

For 1.5m depth - 601.020 KN/ ????2

From above results we conclude that, the results at 0.5m depth for Square and Strip footing values are above 440 KN/ ????2, so it is not suitable as per requirement of National Building Code

Therefore, both footings are feasible for RCC structure at the depth of 1m and 1.5m only as per National Building code (1983)

References

[1] Sen, B., & Pal, S. K. (2014). Index properties of soils collected from different locations and correlations of parameters. Electronic Journal of Geotechnical Engineering, volume 19, 3443-3452. DOI: 10.1007/s40808-022-01541-0 [2] Prof. A. Balasubramaniam., \"Engineering Properties Of Soil\". Research Gate Journal Of Engineering &Technology (RGJET) Issue February 2017, 388-934 DOI: 10.13140/RG.2.2.16181.06887 [3] Kumar, S., & Dutta, S. C. (2019). An effort towards constructing building structures on backfilled soil. Journal of Building Engineering, 26, 100891. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jobe.2019.100891 [4] Yu-Chen, J. I., Jun, A., Bin, W., & Jian-Dong, N. (2021, May). Study on the Factors Affecting the Design of Deep Backfill Foundation Pit and the Factors Affecting Soil Construction Disturbance. In IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science (Vol. 78 3, No. 1, p. 012014). IOP Publishing. DOI 10.1088/1755-1315/783/1/012014. [5] Ibrahim, A. S., Musa, A. A., Abdulfatah, A. Y., & Idris, A. (2023). Developing soft-computing regression model for predicting soil bearing capacity using soil index properties. Modeling Earth Systems and Environment, 9(1), 1223-1232. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.oceaneng.2015.12.016 [6] Han, D., Xie, X., Zheng, L., & Huang, L. (2016). The bearing capacity factor N ? of strip footings on c–?–? soil using the method of characteristics. SpringerPlus, 5, 1-17. DOI:10.1186/s40064-016-3084-6 [7] Kramarenko, V. V., Nikitenkov, A. N., Matveenko, I. A., Molokov, V. Y., & Vasilenko, Y. S. (2016, September). Determination of water content in clay and organic soil using microwave oven. In IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science (Vol. 43, No. 1, p. 012029). IOP Publishing. DOI:10.1088/1755-1315/43/1/012029 [8] Asadi, S., Chowdary, K., Sai, V. B., & Raju, M. V. (2017). Preparation of soil analysis for construction of commercial complex: a model study. Int. J. Civ. Eng. Technol, 8(3), 816-823. http://www.iaeme.com/IJCIET/issues.asp?JType=IJCIET&VType=8&IType=3 [9] Arora. K. R. (2004)\"Soil mechanics and foundation engineering\" Standard Publication Distributors. [10] Punima. B. C., Jain. A. K.& Jain., A. K. (2017)\"Soil Mechanics and Foundation\" 17th Edition, Laxmi Publications. [11] Indian Standard (IS) code: IS 1904 (1986), Design and construction of foundation of soil. [12] Indian Standard (IS) code: IS 2720 part 2 1973 Water content [13] Indian Standard (IS) code: IS 2720 part 28 1974 Core cutter.

Copyright

Copyright © 2024 Prof. Gomtesh S. Patil, Umakant V. Katakdhond, Vaibhavi V. Patil, Tejas S. Bhusari, Bandani Y. Kamble. This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.