A Complete review of FLC MPPT Technique and Comparison with INC Technique

Abstract

: In recent years, all around the world, considerable technological growth has been observed to improve the availability of electrical energy in the most ecological way. Under partial shading conditions, maximum power point tracking techniques track the point at which full power can be taken out. Thus the net efficiency of a photovoltaic system is improved. This paper evaluates, methods such as incremental conductance (INC) and fuzzy logic controller (FLC) are evaluated. The simulation results obtained are developed under the software MATLAB / Simulink. Both techniques (INC) and (FLC) are used with a boost DC / DC converter and a load. These results show that the fuzzy logic controller is superior to and faster than the conventional incremental conductance (INC) technique in dynamic response and steady-state in regular operation.

Introduction

I. INTRODUCTION

The energy demand is increasing daily with an ever- increasing population, which is the most challenging aspect of the modern world; the energy demand is freakingly high compared to the previous decades. The conventional sources of energy have a limit & will get depleted some days. The consumption rate of all such conventional sources of energy is proportional to their life expectancy. To fulfilling the ever-increasing energy demnd, other sources are now utilizing.

Renewable energy sources have become the best alternative to produce electricity all over the world in the past few decades. Among all the sources, the photovoltaic generation system attracts more attention because of its capability to generate electricity efficiently. However, the magnitude of output depends on atmospheric conditions such as temperature & solar irradiation. MPPT techniques are required to improve the efficiency & effective usage of solar energy.

For extracting maximum energy from the PV panel array, an appropriate duty cycle is configured with the DC/DC converter. This DC/DC converter must be capable of transferring maximum energy to load. A DC/DC converter provides an interface medium that regulates the PV panel & the load to ensure that the load must be closer to MPP.

As a result, several studies have focused on photovoltaic systems. They have tried to develop algorithms to extract the maximum energy converted by the panel and then allow an optimal operation of the system photovoltaic system [3]. Since the 1970s, a significant number of MPPT control techniques have been developed, beginning with simple techniques such as MPPT controllers based on the feedback of voltage and current [4], to more efficient controllers using algorithms to calculate MPP of the PVG photovoltaic generator (photovoltaic panel PV), among the most used technique (Incremental conductance (INC)).

Recently, many robust control techniques have been associated with the MPPT control, such as fuzzy logic controller (FLC) for increasing the efficiency of solar panels.

This paper is ordered as follows; section II shows a model of the PV system, demonstrating basic operating principles for INC and FLC techniques, respectively. Simulation results, analysis and discussion, are illustrated in Section III. & at the end, conclusions are given in Section IV.

II. MODEL OF PHOTOVOLTAIC SYSTEM

The photovoltaic system consists of four blocks, as shown in “Fig 2”. The first block represents the energy source (photovoltaic panel), the second block is a static DC-DC converter, the third block represents the load and the fourth block represents the control system (MPPT). Radiation (R) is an incident on the photovoltaic panel. It generates a voltage (V) and current (I). The temperature of the PV solar is measured at T [12]. The main role of the static converter is to ensure impedance matching so that the photovoltaic panel PV delivers maximum energy. For commanding the DC/DC converter, we have been carried out using MPPT based on two techniques; INC and FLC [1].

The above three plots show the Power, voltage & current plots at different irradiation values. Both the plots undergo different modifications as compared to previous conditions, but the plot with the INC technique shows much more oscillations as compared to the FLC technique, clearly visible in the plots.

B. Discussions

The simulation plots clearly indicate that the FLC technique shows clearly better results as compared with the INC technique. The plot indicates that at the optimal point of output FLC technique has no oscillation while INC shows some, which implies that it has shown better results in a transient state. But the only problem with this method is its implementation & also the efficiency of this method depends upon the inference table.

Conclusion

In this paper, we have discussed the two MPPT techniques INC & FLC techniques, thoroughly & compared their results with the same sets of parameters & also by changing the irradiation levels. It has been observed that the FLC technique is advantageous in giving the results oscillation free & working under a transient state. At the steady-state condition also, this method is oscillation free. Despite a bit complex method, it has been concluded that the FLC method in tracking out maximum power point is superior to the INC method.

References

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Copyright

Copyright © 2022 Ashutosh Shukla, Asst. Prof. Sudeep Mohaney . This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.