Formulation and Evaluation of Herbal Gargle against Throat Irritation, Inflammation and Infection

Abstract

Herbal gargles have gained significant attention as potential alternatives to conventional oral care products due to their perceived natural composition and reported therapeutic benefits. This review aims to provide a comprehensive overview of the efficacy of herbal gargles in promoting oral health and preventing various oral ailments. Our oral cavity is a sweet able place to grow different types of bacterial species either harmless or harmful for human. From ancient age medicinal plants are considered as a store room of different types of biological activity in Ayurveda, Unani and Siddha, and have important role to cleanse tooth and prevent different human pathogens are responsible for unpleasant odour, inflammation of teeth root, dental plaque. The study evaluates a wide range of herbal ingredients commonly found in mouth gargles, including essential oils, plant extracts, and traditional herbal remedies. It explores their antimicrobial properties, antioxidant activity, and potential for reducing plaque formation, gingivitis, and bad breath. Aqueous extract of Tulsi, Turmeric, Clove, Fennel, Betel leaves, Pudina, Ginger, Liquorice shows effective antimicrobial, antifungal activity, anti-inflammatory and anti-plaque properties. In this research work herbal gargle was evaluated depends on various parameter like color, pH, Phase separation , Homogeneity and antibacterial properties. Herbal gargles show potential as adjuncts to conventional oral care, Herbal gargle is suitable for any age group due to less side effect. Healthcare professionals and consumers should approach herbal gargles with caution, taking into consideration individual oral health needs and consulting oral healthcare providers for personalized recommendations.

Introduction

II. INTRODUCTION

The first known references to mouth rinsing are described in Ayurveda and Chinese medicine in 2700 BC. Mouth gargle is a chemotherapeutic agent used as effective home care system by the patient. [1]

In the Greek and Roman periods, mouth rinsing became common among the Hippocrates. They recommended a mixture of salt, alum and vinegar.[1]

Gargles are aqueous solutions used to treat the problem related to pharynx and nasopharynx by pushing air from the lungs through the gargle while it is held in the throat. Often, gargles need to be diluted with water before use. Gargles are used to get the medication onto the mucosal surface of the throat.[2,3] The preparations need to have acceptable organoleptic qualities and be quick-acting.

1. Natural: Natural gargles which are also known as herbal gargles. eg: liquorice, clove, ginger, salt water.
2. Chemical: Gargles, made from chemical compound. eg,: Methyl salicylate, Saccharine sodium.

Such a variety of health advantages come from gargling and rinsing with salt water. It promotes good oral hygiene and dental health with gargling and it supports the postoperative care process. It aids in the recovery of canker sores. Sometimes pregnancy difficulties may be avoided with its aid.

Gargle can be dangerous for children when used orally they didn’t even know how to gargling. Due to oral cavity sometimes, gargle might produce sensation and itching in mouth. [4]

II. MATERIALS AND METHODS

A. Collection of Plants

Leaves, stem, buds and dried seeds of Tulsi (Ocimum sanctum) [5,6], Clove (Eugenia caryophyllus)[7,8], Fennel (Foeniculum valgare) [9,10], Ginger (Zingiber officinale)[11,12], Liquorice (Glycyrrhiza glabra)[13,14], Turmeric (Curcuma longa)[15,16], Fenugreek (Trigonella foenum-graceum)[17,18], Cardamom (Elettaria cardamomum)[19,20], Betel Leaves (Piper betel)[21,22], Pudina (Mentha piperita Linn)[23,24], Coriander (Coriandrum sativum)[25,26] were randomly collected from mature plants.

V. ACKNOWLEDGEMENT

We are very grateful to our institution Global College of Pharmaceutical Technology and library department for provide us essential resources like, chemicals, journals and books etc.

Our respected teachers Mr. Bhaskar Ghosh Sir, Mr. Joydev Sarkar Sir with their valuable microbiological knowledge  & moral support  and  our friends  Shampa Pal, Tiyasa Saha helped us for preparing our microbiological sample.

VI. CONFLICT OF INTEREST

The authors declare that there is no conflict of interest to reveal.

Conclusion

The present liquid herbal gargle can work in long way to help people to cure the various throat disorder . Present herbal formulation is acceptable for a long period. Furthermore the prepared herbal gargle were standardized by various physicochemical studies like pH, appearance of solution, consistency, phase separation and microbial study and all test results are in limit. So the prepared herbal formulation is very good and safe for any age group.

References

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Copyright

Copyright © 2023 Soumalya Das, Tathagata Chowdhury, Sk. Mahbub Alam, Koushik Das, Soumallya Chakraborty, Somenath Bhattacharya, Dr. Amitava Roy, Dr. Arin Bhattacharjee. This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.