Fuzzy EPQ Model for Green Quality Products of Three Step Production Processes

Abstract

Most commercial industries now encourage environmentally friendly or green products since they are safe for the environment in their creation, use, and disposal. Eco-friendly items serve an important role in decreasing pollution both during production and recycling. To ensure client happiness, most branded products are developed in an environmentally friendly manner. This research proposes a cost-effective manufacturing quantity model that promotes high-quality green products. To solve the model in a fuzzy sense, an extension of the lagrangian method is applied. The parameters are expressed as a fuzzy pentagonal number. Defuzzification is accomplished using the graded mean integration approach. To demonstrate the model, a numerical example is provided.

Introduction

I. INTRODUCTION

The management of manufacturing inventory is heavily weighted in favour of the company's profit and customer acquisition. Controlling the quantity of a product is a method of inspecting raw materials, work-in-progress, and finished goods in a methodical manner. Apart from inspecting for defective materials as part of quality control, the degree of pollution must also be assessed to make environmentally friendly products, as most consumers are now interested in eco-friendly commodities. This model incorporates the concept of green quality product into a fuzzy EPQ model. The product cost parameters are represented as pentagonal fuzzy numbers.

Inventory models were created with the primary goal of calculating the best quantity to order and the best timing to place the orders. In 1913, Harris [2] created the first economic ordering quantity (EOQ) inventory model, which includes ordering and holding expenses. By incorporating the fraction of real ideal time spent in the production process, Taft [3] changed this model to the economic production quantity (EPQ) model in 1918. Deterministic inventory models were developed first, then probabilistic and fuzzy inventory models were developed to deal with unpredictable scenarios. Inventory fluctuations result in shortages or surpluses, which is a very typical occurrence. To deal with such situations, Drenzer [4], Goyal [5], and Gurgani [6] outlined the shortage, partial backlog, and complete backlog inventory models, and Goyal fused the notion of trade credit and price measures to the inventory model in 1985. Jamal [7], Chang [8], Jaggi [9], and Shah [10] expanded these trade credit inventory models. In general, a production organisation obtains input from a variety of sources; but, if customer satisfaction declines, procurement is moved to a different source for quality control, resulting in product switching costs. In addition, the manufacturing process is not a one-step process. It is divided into three stages: pre-production, production, and post-production. All of the production-related activities in the three processes must be coordinated and closely monitored in order to produce green-quality products.

II. DEFINITIONS

Conclusion

The EPQ model for green quality is incredibly practical and provides the best solution to the problem of generating green quality products. This model is quite realistic because it includes all conceivable production and quality control costs. This model differs from others in that it considers product switching costs and types. By reducing costs, this approach assists the industrial sectors in achieving the aim of consumer pleasure with green quality products. This device is also environmentally friendly because it helps to protect the environment from waste\'s harmful impacts. This model is a comprehensive model because it includes all the costs of producing green quality items.

References

[1] Nivetha Martin, P.Pandiammal(2018) Economic Production Quantity Model for Green Quality Products with Its Associated Costs of Product Switching and Three Step Production Processes, JASC: Journal of Applied Science and Computations, Volume 5, Issue 11. [2] Harris, F. (1913) How many parts to make at once, factory, The Magazine of Management, Vol.2: 135–136, 152. [3] Taft, The most economical production lot, The Iron Age 101 (May 30) (1918) 1410–1412. [4] Drezner Z, Gurnani H and Pasternack B. A, (1995), An EOQ model with substitutions between products, Journal of the Operational Research Society vol. 46:7, pp. 887–89, 1995. [5] Goyal, S. K., (1995), A viewpoint on an EOQ model with substitutions between products, Journal of the Operational Research Society vol. 47:3, pp. 476–477. [6] Gurnani H. and Drezner Z.,(2000), Deterministic hierarchical substitution inventory models, Journal of the Operational Research Society, vol. 51:1, pp. 129-133. [7] Jamal, A. M. M., Sarker, B. R. And Wang, S., (2000): Optimal payment time for a retailer under permitted delay of payment by the wholesaler. International Journal of Production Economics, 66, 59–66. [8] Chang, H. J., Hung, C. H. And Dye, C. Y., (2001): An inventory model for deteriorating items with linear trend demand under the condition of permissible delay in payments. Production Planning and Control, 12 (3), 274-282. [9] Jaggi, C. K., Goyal, S. K. And Goel, S. K., (2008): Retailer’s optimal replenishment decisions with credit-linked demand under permissible delay in payments. European Journal of Operational Research, 190, 130-135. [10] Shah, N. H., Soni, H. N. And Jaggi, C. K., (2010): Inventory model and trade credit: Review. Control and Cybernetics, 39, 867-884.

Copyright

Copyright © 2022 Alda W. S, Rexlin Jeyakumari. S. This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.