Review on Generation of Solar Wind Hybrid Energy System

Abstract

In today’s technology driven world electricity is one of the foremost thing for our day to day life activities. As we all are oblivious of the fact that the renewable sources of energy are depleting at a lightning-fast rate. So it’s time for us to shift the focus from conventional to non-conventional sources of energy to produce electricity. The output of the electricity produced by non-conventional sources is less than their counterparts. Renewable sources do not have any detrimental effect on the environment. S?l?r-wind hybrid stru?tures ?re b?si??lly the ??mbin?ti?n ?f sun ?nd wind ??wer fl?wers. This ?ll?ws t? ensure uninterru?tible ??wer su??ly. Hybrid systems m?y be used f?r e??h industri?l ?nd d?mesti? use. The benefit ?f this ?ss??i?ti?n is th?t the gener?t?r m?y be l???ted next t? the sun m?dules, m?king it ? hybrid system. This ?h?llenge is set strength m?nuf??turing the use ?f ? mixture ?f s?ur?es t? su??ly ele?tri?ity ?t ?n l?w ?ri?ed ?h?rge with ?ut w?rrying the n?tur?l st?bility.

Introduction

I. INTRODUCTION

The hybrid machine combines many renewable energy sources, including solar and wind power.  In hybrid energy generation, the generated strength is first stored in batteries and then used to satisfy power requirements.  Currently, the wind and solar energy enterprise is developing unexpectedly, and conventional power sources are decreasing every day and will disappear in the future.  We want to discover new energy resources that are easily accessible and do not pollute the environment.  On bright days, it is powered by solar energy, while on cloudy days, it is powered by wind energy.

Renewable power sources provide clean energy in adequate quantities on Earth.  These renewable sources come from earth, water, sunlight, plants, and so on. 

These sources are frequently employed for power generation.  Solar and wind power generation are appealing sources since they are environmentally friendly.  A hybrid machine is a combination of several renewable energy sources, such as solar energy, biomass energy, wind energy, and so on.  The electricity generated by hybrid strength generation is first stored in batteries before being used to meet energy demands.  Wind and solar power are rapidly expanding, whereas traditional energy sources are declining and may disappear in the future. 

As a result, we want to identify new energy resources that are clean enough to utilise without polluting the surroundings.  On bright days, it's far powered by solar energy, whereas on cloudy days, it's miles powered by wind power.  The horizontal axis windmill uses the same horizontal rotor as the classic Dutch windmill.  Horizontal axis windmills mostly rely on wind lift.  According to Bernoulli's principle, "Fluid will move from an area of high stress to a place of low stress."  Additionally, it states that when a fluid's velocity increases, its density decreases. 

Primarily based on this principle, the horizontal axis windmill blades are designed to resemble the wings of a plane with a curved top. This layout increases the spread of the air at the top of the bl?de, reduces its density, and leads to an upward rise in the air underneath the bl?de.  The bl?des are angled at the axis to employ r?is? within the r??ker.  Contemporary wind generators' blades are engineered for maximum rise and least drag.

The necessary quantity of energy may now be produced based on environmental conditions, by utilising the same systems at the same time, or by employing the most efficient one, depending on the conditions at that moment.

II. OBJECTIVES

1. Create a hybrid power system that combines solar, wind, and traditional power sources to create electricity.
2. To create a solar system capable of absorbing maximum sunlight.
3. To improve power efficiency using hybrid sources.
4. To reduce installation and operational costs while increasing dependability.
5. Hybrid power generation can optimise energy for every sector or location.

III. LITERATURE SURVEY

1. Bh?r?t  R?j  Singh,  et.  J?nu?ry  2018,  Hybrid system development is one of the most practical and efficient solutions for electricity generation when compared to non-renewable energy sources.  It's not just less expensive, but it's also less environmentally damaging.  Another benefit is that it may be used to generate electricity in areas where conventional methods are difficult to transmit.  The setup may be determined based on the requirements.  All people in the world should be motivated to employ unconventional resources to produce electricity in order to make them self-reliable to some level.  Some of its key advantages are a long lifespan and low maintenance requirements.  It merely demands some substantial initial investment.
2. S?s?n  M?gh?dd?m,  et.  ?l.  2019  This paper proposes designing a hybrid renewable energy PV/wind/battery system to improve load supply reliability over a study horizon while minimising Net Present Value (N V).  The N?? includes costs for hybrid system investment, replacement, operation, and maintenance.  The considered reliability index is the probability of an interruption of load demand.  Variables include the number of PV panels, wind turbines and batteries, inverter capacity, single PV panel, and wind turbine height.  To solve the optimisation problem, a new algorithm called the improved crop finding algorithm (ICF) is proposed.  The system was designed for the city of Zanjan, Iran, based on current data on solar radiation and wind speed in this area.  The performance of the proposed I¡S is compared with the ?r?wd Se?r?h ?lg?rithm (?S?) and ??rti?le sw?rm ??timiz?ti?n methods in different system combinations.  This comparison shows that the proposed algorithm has greater performance than other methods.
3. ?bd?li  L?yth  M?h?mmed  ?bd?li1  ?nd.  In  2019,  The paper proposes a grid-connected photovoltaic and wind power hybrid system.  This system discusses the characteristics of its main components (WE¡S, V, battery, and F¡) and proposes an overall coordinated control strategy for a mixed power system.  The primary power generation devices are hydroelectric and wind turbines, while the battery storage acts as a means of storing excess electricity.  When the S?? is < 25%, the F? device creates redundancy and supplies power to the system.  The hybrid system simul?ti?n model is developed with ??wer F??t?ry.  Simulation studies were performed to validate the system's performance.
4. Udit  Mitt?l,  Gunj?n  V?rshney  et.?l.  Se?  2020,  In this paper, a power generation system is constructed utilising a solar and wind system, with the goal of providing continuous power generation during the day and night.    Solar and wind power both have unique advantages and disadvantages.  The combination of both techniques in a common format will assure advantages for both techniques while also reducing their own limitations.  This poster attempts to present a hybrid energy.  m?del has taken these two prominent renewable energy sources into account for an increase in the reli?bility and continuity of the resulting system.    This paper proposes a model with a broad scope for future research in the area of hybrid energy.  This model may be expanded to include a grid-connected version that uses microcontrollers and power factor correction devices.  Our country has been suffering from power failure and irregularities, especially in remote areas, and the implementation of this framework at any given location can be of great use as our country has.
5. M?nik  M.  Dh?l?riy?1,  et.  ?l.  June  2020,  This paper introduces the Solar-Wind hybrid power system, which harnesses renewable energy such as the sun and wind to generate electricity.  ??wer.  Solar panels are used to convert solar energy, whereas wind turbines are used to convert wind energy into electricity.  This electrical power source can be used for a variety of purposes.  Electricity generation will take place at an affordable cost system.  This hybrid solar-wind power generation system is suitable for industries as well as domestic areas.  Solar panels are mounted on the surfaces of a wind turbine, such that the combined energy from the wind turbine and the solar panels is provided as an output.  Electric DC energy is produced by a solar panel and wind turbine system.  The effects of environmental conditions on V cells, modules, and arrays were examined using mathematical modelling and simulation.  We investigated the various inverter topologies and their operation.  We prepared the Hardware model of hybrid power generation and observed that theoretical findings are similar to those of the Hardware model.

IV. BLOCK DIAGRAM

V. WORKING

Hybrid systems are essentially made up of solar panels with wind turbines; the output of this pair of devices is utilised to charge batteries, which may subsequently be sent to local power stations.

In this setup, a wind turbine may be used to generate power when there is wind, and rooftop solar panels can be utilised when there is sunlight. Both portions may generate power simultaneously.

The purpose of batteries is to offer an uninterrupted power supply. This technique demands a large initial expenditure. However, the durability, extended lifespan, and minimal upkeep make up for this drawback. The wind turbine's power output is DC, and is converted into AC using an inverter.

The needed quantity of power may now be produced based on environmental conditions, either by utilising both systems at the same moment or by using only one, depending on the circumstances at the moment.

A. Components

1. Wind Generator
2. Solar Panel
3. Solar Charge Controller
4. DC Boost Converter
5. Battery
6. LCD Display
7. Inverter Module
8. AC Load
9. Charging Socket
10. LED Indicator
11. Others.

VII. METHODOLOGY

A. Hybrid Power

A hybrid power tool is a combination of two power sources used to power the load.  Under other circumstances it may be summed up as "?n strength devi?e which is f?bri??ted ?r developed to extr??t ele?tri?ity by teh usage ?f tw? ele?tri?ity s?ur?es, t's f?r ??lled hybrid power system."  The hybrid strength gadget has enough reliability, efficiency, low emissions, and low cost.

In this proposed gadget, solar and wind power are employed to generate electricity.  Sun and wind strength have distinct advantages as compared to all other unconventional electricity sources.  Each ??wer asset is required in all areas.  It desires a low fee.  There is no need to identify a specific area to put in this gadget.

B. Solar Power

Solar energy is power generated by the sun's radiation, which is constantly and readily available on the earth. It is freely accessible, does not emit pollutants, has minimal upkeep expenses, and is cost-effective. However, it has difficulty producing power in bad weather conditions. Solar energy is more efficient than conventional sources, requiring an upfront investment but having a longer lifespan and lower emissions.

C. Wind Power

Wind power is generated from the wind utilising a windmill, which is a sustainable energy source with minimal production and maintenance costs. Wind energy is accessible virtually 24 hours a day and produces little emissions. The starting cost is cheaper than for solar energy, and the amount of power produced is determined by the direction of the air flow.

The recommended Hybrid Energy System mixes solar and wind power to solve the short-term nature of individual renewable energy sources. This provides continuous power generation, increases dependability, and overcomes the limitations of individual sources. The system may be deployed in remote places, lowering gearbox costs while providing a dependable, low-emission, and cost-effective option providing continuous power delivery.

VIII. ADVANTAGES

1. In rainy and winter season the amount of solar radiation is not sufficient than in this season energy is fulfilled by wind energy system.
2. Due to variation in weather condition when there is lack of wind energy than the power is supplied by the solar panels.
3. Low operating cost and maintenance cost makes it economical.
4. Used in any location whether it is remote area or populated area.
5. Highly efficient power generation
6. Solar- and wind-powered sites benefits the environment as it will reduce the carbon and other harmful emission is about 90% in environments.

IX. APPLICATION

1. Distributed power generation
2. Hospital, Hotels, Guesthouse etc..
3. Remote and Rural area Electrification.
4. Street lighting.
5. Transmission and communication Tower and many more application.

X. SCOPE OF PROJECT

1. It is the design method for maximum conversion efficiency of a turbine for delivering the maximum power to a load, battery in the case of a standalone solar-wind system.
2. Saves space.
3. It doesn’t require fuel

Conclusion

All people in the globe should be encouraged to employ non-conventional resources to generate power in order to become self-sufficient to some level. Its advantages include a long lifespan and low maintenance requirements. It merely demands a significant initial commitment. We now know that the combination of technologies has a higher per-unit manufacturing cost but uses available resources more efficiently. This Hybrid system can also recover from any unexpected or undesirable scenario. Furthermore, the hybrid system can meet the energy needs of isolated and rural communities. So it is evident that a hybrid device is the superior option.

References

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Copyright

Copyright © 2024 Hrutuja Meshram, Aditya Zode, Pranali Rewatkar, Pranit Namulawar, Rajesh Ubale, Prof. Sanjay A. Bankar. This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.