Analysis of Improving the Living Standards of the Population

Abstract

This article analyzes reforms in the standard of living and welfare of the country\'s population, and develops scientific conclusions and recommendations for further improving the living standards and welfare of the population.

Introduction

I. INTRODUCTION

In his Address to the Legislative Chamber of the Oliy Majlis, President Mirziyoyev noted that the economic policy of the country has been critically reconsidered, such as the pursuit of unrealistic figures, the presentation of unrealistic fantasies as reality. Practical efficiency, the human interest and, once again, the human interest have been identified as the main goals of the reforms [1].

In Uzbekistan, the term "standard of living" is more widely used to describe the level of satisfaction of material, spiritual and social needs of the population. This description is more of a standard of living. At the same time, living standards are a changing process that is influenced by many factors. Living standards are determined by the composition and level of needs for various goods that are constantly changing, on the other hand, by the ability to meet needs, the situation in the market of goods and services, the income of the population, the wages of workers. However, both the amount of wages and living standards depend on the level of efficiency of production and services, the level of scientific and technological development, the cultural and educational level and composition of the population, national characteristics, political power.

The term "lifestyle" was widely used in the 1970s and 1980s. In this case, the indicators of quality of life are expressed in terms of "lifestyle", and quantitative indicators in terms of "standard of living". There are also other terms and concepts that characterize the living standards of the population. The most detailed interpretation of living standards is as follows: living standards are a complex socio-economic category that reflects the level of development of physical, spiritual and social needs, the scale of satisfaction and the opportunities created to meet them. Such an interpretation allows for a more accurate expression of the quality and quantity of living standards.

The standard of living is determined by a system of indicators that gives an idea of ??a particular aspect of human (population) life. In order to obtain detailed information on living standards, it is necessary to study in depth the level of income and needs of the population, the level and composition of consumption, housing, property, cultural and household goods, etc.

Indicators are divided into the following categories: general and specific; economic and socio-demographic; objective and subjective; value and natural; quantity and quality; consumption proportion and composition indicators; statistics, etc.

Living standards are divided into general and specific types. General indicators include 1) national income; 2) consumer fund (products of industries directly directed to consumption); 3) per capita share of the national wealth consumption fund (accumulated consumer property - housing, cultural facilities, items). These indicators represent the general level of socio-economic development of a society. Specific indicators include 1) level and methods of consumption; 2) working conditions; 3) housing and amenities; 4) level of socio-cultural services; 5) conditions of upbringing of children; 6) social security and others. These indicators are related to social development, but are determined by specific groups of the population (workers), region, etc.

Economic indicators reflect the economic aspects of human and social life, the economic opportunities to meet needs. Economic indicators include indicators of economic development of a society and the level of well-being of each person (nominal and real incomes, employment, etc.). These indicators are inextricably linked to the reproduction of the labor force (population) and reveal its economic basis. This is especially evident in the share of income of the population and their differentiation.

Defined in the Decree of the President of the Republic of Uzbekistan PF-5308 dated 22.01.2018 "On the State Program for the implementation of the action strategy in five priority areas of development of the Republic of Uzbekistan in 2017-2021 in the" Year of Active Entrepreneurship, Support of Innovative Ideas and Technologies " We will identify the most important tasks to improve the living standards of the population, including the construction of new roads, transport and logistics in order to create convenience for the population.

It is necessary to take measures to further develop the infrastructure, build and electrify new railways, and improve the quality of services provided. [2].

Q.H. Abdurahmonov, Sh.R. Kholmuminov's research describes the living standards of the population and provides theoretical information on how to improve it, including the level of living of the population, the provision of material and spiritual goods necessary for their livelihood and the level of satisfaction of people's needs with these goods. In the article, we make statistical analyzes based on this definition and develop appropriate conclusions and recommendations [3].

A. Olmasov's book "Fundamentals of Economics" provides several theoretical definitions of living standards and welfare, which are constantly changing, with the composition and level of needs for various goods, on the other hand, the ability to meet needs, market conditions, incomes, employment of workers. It contains proposals and recommendations to improve the living standards and welfare of the population [4].

Conclusion

In conclusion, we believe that in order to further improve the living standards and welfare of the population in our country, it is necessary to take into account the following: 1) Per capita income, structural changes in expenditures, consumption of basic foodstuffs and durable goods in addition to the provision of living conditions and standards, the provision of the population with comfortable and modern housing, the development and improvement of the living environment, the availability and efficiency of the necessary infrastructure, education in accordance with modern requirements and the use of health care; 2) Together with the results of the analysis of foreign experience, the development of the minimum consumption basket and subsistence in Uzbekistan; 3) In order to develop a consumer basket, it is necessary to take into account the following: demographic factors (size and structure of families, population structure and gender-age structure); socio-economic factors (actual consumption of food, non-food goods and services in families); the needs of the population of all groups, their income level; scientific recommendations on the minimum consumption volumes and the list of goods and services required for the protection of human health and vital activities; financial capacity of the state to ensure social protection of the population; real market prices for goods and services; experience of other countries.

References

[1] Address of the President of the Republic of Uzbekistan Sh. Mirziyoyev to the Senate and the Legislative Chamber of the Oliy Majlis. Tashkent. 2017y. 22.12.www.uza.uz. [2] State Program of the President of the Republic of Uzbekistan No. PF-5308 dated 22.01.2018 on the implementation of the Action Strategy for the five priority areas of development of the Republic of Uzbekistan for 2017-2021 in the \"Year of Active Entrepreneurship, Support of Innovative Ideas and Technologies\" Decree \"On [3] Abdurahmonov Q.H., Kholmuminov Sh.R. \"Labor Economics and Sociology\". Tashkent - 2004. [4] Olmasov A. \"Fundamentals of Economics\". T .: Labor - 1997. [5] https://fayllar.org/

Copyright

Copyright © 2022 Ismatov Sharofiddin Asatullayevich. This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.