IOT Based Construction Equipment Monitoring System

Abstract

Internet of Things is a concept with the advanced level applications of it in our regular life. It focuses on how IOT devices work and how they are developed. It describes how it helps to the human life and also how it is changing human life. The report overviews the advantages as well as challenges. It discusses the concept of origin of big data and big data analytics. The topic in detail explains how Internet of Things are linked in several areas like robotics, automobile industry, smart home systems, smart cities etc. with the opportunities they provide followed by scope of Internet of Things. It gives an overview about IOT, analyzes security challenges and requirements in IOT, introduce IOT mechanism to secure communications in each protocol, as well as limitations and some improvements and open issues for further research.

Introduction

I. INTRODUCTION

The word internet of things refers to network and things. The IOT is nothing but a set of devices connected in a network which can communicate and pass collected data with each other devices. In today’s world internet application development demand is very high. Basically IOT is a network which helps all physical objects to be connected to the internet which can be done by network devices or routers and exchange data. IOT effectively helps objects to be use and control remotely across any network in infrastructure. Technology is changing how we design and adopt new construction machinery techniques in process of constructing civil engineering projects. Internet of things is the new Era in the field of construction industries throughout the world. It is working friendly and cost effective. It also has many social benefits such as checking status of basic elements of construction equipment’s such as fuel status, location of machine, machine running time etc. through mobile application.

II. OBJECTIVES

1. To study IOT technique.
2. To identify and analyze factors affecting construction equipment’s.
3. To prepare the model.
4. To compare existing and IOT technique. 

This is about to assessing the study of IOT technology which will be very beneficial for construction industry. The purpose of this study is to understand the IOT system and to identify the factors affecting construction equipment’s which helps in maintaining a hassle free process. A model is to be prepared by understanding the problems occurred on site and to make a comparison of existing and based model with its efficiency and cost benefit.

IV. PROPOSE SYSTEM

ESP 8266 (Atmega) is a new self-operated Wi-Fi working solution, which can host application and offloads Wi-Fi working function from other application processor. It has integrated cache to improve the performance of the system in such application. Alternately, the Wi-Fi adaptor, wireless internet access can be commanded to micro controller based design with simple connectivity (SPI/SDIO or 12C/UART interface). ESP 8266 (Atmega) is a Wi-Fi chip, it is integrated with antenna switches, RF balun, power amplifier, low noise receive amplifier, filters, designed for minimal PCB area. ESP 8266 also integrate an enhanced version of Tensilicas L106 Diamond series 32-bit processor, with on-chip SRAM, besides the Wi-Fi functionalities. ESP 8266 (Atmega) is integrated with external sensors and different application specific devices by its GPIOs, sample codes for such applications are provided in software development kit (SDK).

V. DEVICE FLOWCHART

Power management modules. It requires external circuit and the entire solution including front end module is

VI. HARDWARE DETAILS

Features-

1. 802.11 b/g/n.
2. Integrated low power 32-bit MCU.
3. Integrated 10-bit ADC.
4. Integrated TCP/IP protocol stack
5. Integrated with (TR) switch, balun, LNA, amplifier and network.
6. Integrated PLL, regulators and power management units.
7. Supports antenna diversity.
8. Wi-Fi 2.4 GHz, support WPA/WPA2.
9. Supports STA/AP/STA+AP operation mode.
10. Supports smart link function for Android and IOS devices.
11. SDIO 2.0, (H) SPI, UART, 12C, 12S, IR Remote control, PWM, GPIO.
12. STBC, 1*1 MIMO.
13. A-MPDU and A-MSDU aggregated and 0.4s system guard interval.
14. Deep sleep power
15. +20 dBm output power in 802.11b mode.
16. Operating temperature range 40c – 125c.
17. FCC, CE, TELEC, Wi-Fi Alliance and SRRC certified.

The current consumption is based on 3.3V supply, and ambient, using internal regulators. Measurements are done at antenna port without using SAW filter. All the transmitter measurements are based on 90% duty cycle, continuous transmit mode. ESP 8266 is embedded with memory controller, including SRAM and ROM. MCU can visit the memory units through iBus, and AHB interfaces. The memory units can be utilized by request, with a memory arbiter which will decide the running status or sequence according to the requests are received by the processor.

• RAM size should not be less than36kb, that is when ESP 8266 is working under the standard mode is connected to the router, programmable space should be accessible to user around 36kb.
• There is no programmable ROM in the SOC therefore, user program must be stored in an external SPI flash.

An external SPI flash is used together with ESP 8266 to store user programs. Theoretically speaking, up to 16 M byte memory capacity can be supported.

• OTA is disabled; the minimum flash memory that can be supported is 512 Kbyte.
• OTA is enabled; the minimum flash memory that can be supported is 1 M byte.

VII. ULTRA SONIC SENSOR

The HCSR04 ultrasonic sensor uses sonar to determine distance to an object like bats or dolphins do. PIN details-

1. Power Supply: +5V DC
2. Quiescent Current:  <2mA
3. Working Current: 15mA
4. Effectual Angle: <15°
5. Ranging Distance: 2cm – 400 cm/1" - 13ft
6. Resolution: 0.3 cm
7. Measuring Angle: 30 degree
8. Trigger Input Pulse width: 10uS
9. Dimension: 45mm x 20mm x 15mm

VIII. FIRE BASE

Firebase can power your app's backend, including data storage, user authentication, static hosting, and more. Focus on creating extraordinary user experiences. We will take care of the rest. Build cross-platform native mobile and web apps with our Android, IOS, and JavaScript SDKs. You can also connect Firebase to your existing backend using our server-side libraries or our REST API.

IX. DATA ANALYSIS

The ongoing project of sharda house is of a residential bungalow at near chopra lawns, Nasik. In this project they have G+2 building structure of private residential bungalow. From this study we get probable problems occurred during excavation, operations of loading and unloading of dumpers and billing operations.

X. SITE DETAILS

1. Name of the site- Deore house.
2. Owner- Sachin Deore.
3. Location- Fule Nagar, chandwad, Nashik
4. Area of site- 25000 square feet.
5. Type of building- Residential bungalow.
6. Type of structure- G+2 RCC structure.
7. Name of contractor- TS Associate, chandwad, Nashik.

After visit we got the most probable reasons of the work problem of construction machinery to the owner as well as to the contractor. 

• As we can see in the above chart comparison of daily visit on site with and without use of device.
• Without using the device visit on site has to be done on daily basis.
• Whereas by using the device the daily basis visit reduced to zero.
• One more cause of misuse of machine by the driver is reduced.
• If daily visit has not been done to monitor causes losses.

Conclusion

1) Different problem are arising with the construction equipment during working on site and at the time billing and other operation. 2) To overcome the problems and to increase the efficiency of contractors and the owners we have design a device accordingly. 3) It will help in determining different parameters of construction equipment such as fuel usage, machine running status etc. and all this can be done through a mobile phone. 4) Monitoring of machine by visiting site is totally minimized due to the things speak platform. 5) The use of IOT technology on site may reduce the chances of miss-interpreting of data and miss-use of machine by the operator.

References

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Copyright

Copyright © 2024 Yogita S. Aher, Akshay V. Avhad , Kaveri P. Gangurde , Sujeeta D. More, Lalit R. Desale. This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.