Analysis of Parking Facility in an Urban City Using Geospatial Technology: A Case Study Mahanagar Underground Parking Lucknow

Abstract

The increase in population in urban areas is affecting urban travel demand in the city. Due to the city’s central business area, there is temporary on-street parking which affects the traffic flow, so construction of Underground parking was done. After the construction of Underground parking, people are parking their vehicles on the street near the intersection. The free flow of traffic between two or more points is not possible if there is traffic congestion in the path, especially narrowing of road width due to illegal parking, improper management of stoppage points, or slow speed of traffic movement. Lack of maintenance and proper management may lead to traffic congestion and the non-availability of proper parking facilities for public vehicles. Unauthorized on-street parking is affecting the traffic flow on major as well as minor roads. Proper management of parking facilities should be taken care of so that problems like delays in parking due to inappropriate entry and exit points, more carbon emission from vehicles, the unclear orientation of parking lots, time wasted in search of parking, etc. can be solved.

Introduction

I. INTRODUCTION

These days the population is increasing day by day which causes an increase in urban travel demand. There is a rapid increase in the number of private vehicles as well as transit vehicles. The Central Business Areas of an urban city are the major attraction portion for traffic congestion. Availability of employment due to commercial and business areas generate traffic congestion. The cause of traffic congestion at a Central Business District is due to Unauthorized on-street parking, as people come from various other areas for work and park their vehicles on the street. People who use transit vehicles prefer that vehicles should drop near their workplace. Unplanned stoppage points and on-street parking created as per the public conveyance cause the bottleneck and congestion at the major as well as the minor intersection. This study includes the case study of Mahanagar Underground Parking, Gole Market, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, India. Mahanagar Gole Market is one of the central business districts of Lucknow city. On every Wednesday there is a market which is known as Buddh Bazar where people come for the shopping and there is total traffic jam due to street vendors. In this study, all day’s traffic congestion is analyzed except on Wednesday. The main intersection which is affected due to on-street parking is Classic Chauraha and Gole Market.

II. OBJECTIVE

The main objective of this study is to find:

1. The impact of illegal and temporary parking of vehicles around the rotary.
2. Accessibility of public transport network at the intersection.

III. STUDY AREA

Study area is Mahanagar Underground Parking, Gole Market, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, India (Latitude:26.8740135°N, Longitude:80.9584746°E). Major commercial and business areas are around the Mahanagar underground parking. Private vehicles (i.e. two-wheelers and four-wheelers) and transit vehicles(i.e. Auto and E-Rickshaw) are being parked near the commercial area’s entry points. The intersection near the underground parking which is affected due to this unauthorized on-street parking are:

1. Gole Market Intersection
2. Classic Chauraha

The major roads considered in this study are listed below with their connecting rotaries:

IV. DATA AND SOFTWARE USED

Data used for the study- Parking Parameters (source Lucknow Development Authority (LDA) and Nagar Nigam).

Software used- Google Earth Pro, Google Maps, and ArcGIS.

V. FLOW OF STUDY

VI. METHODOLOGY

A. Duration, location, space, and other parameters of Mahanagar Underground Parking.

For the study required data is collected from Lucknow Development Authority (LDA) and Nagar Nigam, Lucknow.

B. Accessibility of Public transport near Mahanagar Underground Parking.

The public transport available near the Mahanagar Underground Parking is Auto, E-Rickshaw and Buses. Stoppage points are marked on the map below and the description of stoppage points is given below in the table.

Stoppage Points of Auto And E-Rickshaw

Bus stops

C. Reasons for on-street as well as off-street parking.

The main cause of on-street parking near the intersections (Gole Market Chauraha and Classic Chauraha) is the commercial and business places. Unauthorized on-street parking is around 10 to 15 minutes per vehicle. On-street parking of 4-wheelers is less as compared to 2-wheelers due to enforcement of parking laws by the traffic police i.e. towing of vehicles (cars only). The survey was done to check the number of 4-wheelers and 2-wheelers is parked in peak hours on the street.

Some of the permanent employees, business owners, and commercial area park their vehicles in the Mahanagar Underground parking area provided. The monthly pass is made and they park their vehicles accordingly.

D. Analysis of on-street parking causing traffic congestion near the Mahanagar Underground Parking.

The narrowing of the road's width near the intersection causes the slow movement of traffic and causes congestion at the peak periods (i.e., between 4 pm to 8 pm according to IST). In the map below, the places with on-street parking are marked, affecting the flow of traffic.

E. Effect on Traffic Around the Rotary.

The map below is of Friday (one of the working days). The average velocity of traffic is shown in the map near the intersection as well as the roads connected to it. Due to unauthorized on-street parking the, width, of the road is narrowed down and there is a restriction in the smooth flow of traffic.

The tables below show the cause of traffic congestion on different time duration and provided facilities near the intersection:

VII. RESULTS & CONCLUSION

A. Result

The outcome of this study is-

1. There is sufficient space in Mahanagar Underground Parking.
2. Accessibility of public transport near the Mahanagar Underground Parking is good.
3. On-street parking and street vendors are affecting the width of the road
4. The width of the road is affected during peak hours of the day.

5. Traffic flow is affected due to unauthorized on-street parking.

6. Approaching unstable traffic flow is mostly on the lanes connecting Gole Market Chauraha and Classic Chauraha.

7. Sir. M. Vishveshauriya Marg is occupied with Auto, E-Rickshaw, and Tempo Unauthorized Parking.

Conclusion

The study concludes the following points- 1) There should be proper site suitability for the entry and exit of Mahanagar Underground Parking. 2) Strict provisions should be made for two-wheelers on-street parking. 3) Leftover spaces in Mahanagar Underground Parking can be used as stoppage points for Auto and E-Rickshaw. 4) Provisions for street vendors should be made.

References

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Copyright

Copyright © 2022 Anshika Kushwaha, Alok Saini, Dr. Sudhakar Shukla. This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.