Study on Replacement of Fine Aggregate with Light Weighted Super Absorbent Material in Internal Curing Concrete

Abstract

The process by which concrete gradually acquires hardened qualities because of cement\'s continuous hydration in the presence of enough heat and water is known as \"curing.\" In order to preserve concrete and get the desired results for concrete structures—that is, sufficient concrete strength, durability, and dimensional stability curing becomes necessary. Water is becoming a more scarce resource by the day, so research into ways to save water when creating concrete and building is desperately needed. In order for concrete to acquire the desired qualities in its early phases, it must be cured, or kept at a suitable moisture content. Good curing, however, is frequently impractical. Concrete\'s microstructure and pore structure are developed by curing, which enhances the material\'s performance and longevity. Although they cause a decrease in the strength of the concrete, lightweight particles can enable internal curing (IC) in concrete and lessen autogenously shrinkage and accompanying cracking. In order to determine the impact of internal curing using recycled materials, an experiment was carried out. Sawdust (SD), granite fines (GF), and powdered recycled clay (PRC) was used in part place of conventional fine aggregates.

Introduction

I. INTRODUCTION

Over several years, concrete has been the most flexible building material. Concrete has an advantage over other building materials in that it can be formed into any shape for a number of applications, whether on-site or as a precast factory product. Concrete technology has advanced rapidly in the last two decades. It's difficult to picture a world without concrete. Infrastructure is built on concrete. Concrete is required to boost the structure's strength. Traditional concrete is a mix of cement, fine aggregate, coarse aggregate, and water that must set before it can be used. To attain the goals of appropriate hydration and muscle strength, a minimum of 28 days of treatment are required. Conventional concrete, which hardens naturally by retaining internal moisture (water content), might suffer from insufficient care.

A. Internal Curing Concrete

Previously, concrete was treated with external water. However, instead of the traditional heavy aggregates, shale and expanded clay are being used, which provide a source of moisture for internal hardening and encourage more complete hydration of various materials made by cement. It is feasible to add more curing water to the entire concrete mix through internal curing. To do this, some of the mix's regular aggregates are substituted. the water absorbed by the expanded shale or light clay aggregate. Concrete improvement is frequently referred to as "healing concrete from the inside out." Low water-cement ratio (w/cm) concrete benefits greatly from internal curing because the environment is naturally less permeable and external curing has less impact on the hydration of the concrete. Internal curing is "the process of pre-wetting a lightweight aggregate using a reservoir that will easily remove water needed for hydration or restore water lost through evaporation or self-drying," according to the American Concrete Institute.

B. Types of Curing

1. Water Retaining Techniques
2. Curing compound
3. Plastic Sheet
4. Water adding method
5. Internally Cured Concrete

C. Problem Statement

1. This investigation aims at exploring the influence of internal curing on the properties of high performance concrete. This is followed by a desire to transfer internal curing from research and lab to field experience.
2. Some parameters are selected to study like compressive strength, flexural strength and split tensile, ring test and water absorption test etc.
3. To enhance the effect of internal curing of concrete with waste aggregate and compare their result data to analyse them.

D. Objectives

1. The purpose to determine how lightweight, super-absorbent fine aggregate affects concrete's strength properties.
2. The aim is to study the mechanical property of concrete or compressive strength, by varying the proportion of cement to Sawdust (SD), Granite fines (GF), and powdered Recycled clay (PRC) for M30 grades of concrete from 0% to 35% by weight.
3. Assess internal curing using conventional methods and analyze its short- and long-term qualities to assess its advantages.
4. To investigate how absorber materials replace fine aggregate.

II. ETHODOLOGY

In this research work, select internal curing concrete for study. Use M30 grade of concrete for experimental work. Three different materials like GF, PRC and SD used as replacement of fine aggregate. Compressive strength, split tensile and flexural strength are mainly study in this work on 7, 14 and 28 days with or without curing. Also consider ring test and water absorption test of samples.

Conclusion

The maximum value of slump flow for a normal concrete sample is 97mm. This slump value decreased linearly as sand was replaced with lighter-weighted materials. Using PRC in normal mix reduced slump flow by 19.58%. Using saw dust in regular mix reduced slump flow by 24.74%. Using Granite Fines in a normal mix reduced slump flow by 13.40%. After comparing all of the data, it is concluded that saw dust causes the most change while granite fines as the least change. The maximum value of 7days Compressive strength for a normal concrete sample is 20.44N/mm2. This compressive strength decreased when PRC and saw dust replaced as sand and when Granite fines was replaced with sand compressive strength value continuously increased. Using PRC in normal mix reduced compressive strength by 10.91%. Using saw dust in regular mix reduced compressive strength by 11.79%. Using Granite Fines in a normal mix increased compressive strength by 17.03 %. After comparing all of the data, it is concluded that saw dust causes the least change while granite fines as the most change. The maximum value of 14days Compressive strength for a normal concrete sample is 27.08N/mm2. This compressive strength decreased when PRC replaced as sand and when saw dust and Granite fines was replaced with sand compressive strength value continuously increased. Using PRC in normal mix reduced compressive strength by 7.42%. Using saw dust in regular mix increased compressive strength by 12.81%. Using Granite Fines in a normal mix increased compressive strength by 30.72%. After comparing all of the data, it is concluded that powdered recycled clay causes the least change while granite fines as the most change. The maximum value of 28days Compressive strength for a normal concrete sample is 30.28N/mm2. This compressive strength decreased when PRC replaced as sand and when saw dust and Granite fines was replaced with sand compressive strength value continuously increased. Using PRC in normal mix reduced compressive strength by 6.34%. Using saw dust in regular mix increased compressive strength by 11.76%. Using Granite Fines in a normal mix increased compressive strength by 27.05%. After comparing all of the data, it is concluded that powdered recycled clay causes the least change while granite fines as the most change. The maximum value of 28days Flexural strength for a normal concrete sample is 3.412N/mm2. This flexural strength decreased when PRC replaced as sand and when saw dust and Granite fines was replaced with sand flexural strength value continuously increased. Using PRC in normal mix reduced flexural strength by 3.22%. Using saw dust in regular mix increased flexural strength by 5.72%. Using Granite Fines in a normal mix increased flexural strength by 12.69%. After comparing all of the data, it is concluded that powdered recycled clay causes the least change while granite fines as the most change. The maximum value of 28days Split tensile strength for a normal concrete sample is 2.701N/mm2. This tensile strength decreased when PRC replaced as sand and when saw dust and Granite fines was replaced with sand tensile strength value continuously increased. Using PRC in normal mix reduced tensile strength by 6.33%. Using saw dust in regular mix increased tensile strength by 11.77%. Using Granite Fines in a normal mix increased tensile strength by 27.06%. After comparing all of the data, it is concluded that powdered recycled clay causes the least change while granite fines as the most change. The maximum rate of water absorption for a normal concrete sample is 6.39%. This water absorption rate increased linearly as sand was replaced with lighter-weighted materials. Using PRC in normal mix increment in water absorption rate by 1.818 times. Using saw dust in regular mix increment in water absorption rate by 0.899 times. Using Granite Fines in a normal mix increment in water absorption rate by 0.165 times. After comparing all of the data, it is concluded that Powdered recycled clay causes the most change while granite fines as the least change.

References

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Copyright

Copyright © 2024 Ankita Chatale, Dr. Mahesh Raut. This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.