SafeGuard: IOT Based Health and Soldier Tracking System

Abstract

These days, a nation\'s battleground is essential to its security. The soldiers in the army play a major role. There have been several actions made to protect the soldiers. Therefore, numerous equipment is mounted on horses to monitor their health in order to ensure their safety. Bioprocess systems facilitate low-cost wearable, discreet health monitoring options by combining several biosensor types, transmission technologies, and processing powers. GPS is used to determine latitude and longitude, making it easy to determine the soldier\'s direction. In order for base stations to be able to monitor their soldiers in real time, these devices are being attached to weapons and clothing. The Israeli Army, for example, is investigating the possibility of embedding GPS trackers inside soldiers\' vests and uniforms. Several intelligent sensors that are affixed to a soldier\'s body are employed in this system. The base station will use a wireless connection to provide connectivity. The GSM module that the soldiers would carry will aid in facilitating their contact with the army station base. The idea of tracking a soldier and learning about his situation during a fight is the focus of the project\'s proposed system. Software and hardware are integrated to implement the system.

Introduction

I. INTRODUCTION

In the modern era of warfare and military operations, ensuring the safety, well-being, and effectiveness of soldiers is paramount. To address this need, the integration of cutting-edge technology has led to the development of Soldier Tracking and Health Monitoring Systems. These systems represent a significant leap forward in enhancing the capabilities of military units by providing real-time insights into the location, physiological condition, and environmental factors affecting each soldier. This project aims to delve into the intricacies of these advanced systems, their components, functionalities, and the invaluable benefits they bring to military operations. 

The primary objective of this project is to explore the various components and functionalities of Soldier Tracking and Health Monitoring Systems. By examining the role of each technology, from biometric sensors that monitor heart rate and body temperature to GPS tracking that provides precise location data, we aim to highlight the holistic approach these systems take toward soldier safety. Additionally, we will delve into the data analysis and visualization techniques that enable medical personnel and commanders to interpret the collected data effectively.

The implementation of Soldier Tracking and Health Monitoring Systems holds immense promise for revolutionizing military operations. This project will shed light on the advantages these systems offer, including improved situational awareness, rapid response to medical emergencies, enhanced strategic decision-making, and reduced risks to soldiers' lives. Moreover, the project will touch on the ethical considerations associated with data collection and privacy in military contexts, as the deployment of such technology necessitates careful balancing of security and individual rights.

In modern military operations, ensuring the well-being and safety of soldiers in the field is of paramount importance] Soldiers are frequently exposed to physically demanding environments, potentially hostile situations, and remote locations, making real-time health monitoring and tracking a critical requirement. The challenge is to develop an integrated system leveraging Internet of Things (IoT) technologies that can continuously monitor the health status of soldiers, track their locations, and relay this vital information to commanders and medical personnel, thereby enhancing situational awareness and the ability to respond promptly to emergencies.

The heart of the Soldier Health and Position Tracking System is a sophisticated network of interconnected devices, sensors, and communication systems, all powered by IoT technology. Wearable devices equipped with sensors constantly collect data on soldiers' vital signs, including heart rate, body temperature, blood pressure, and even stress levels. These devices are designed to withstand harsh environmental conditions, ensuring that data remains reliable even in extreme circumstances. Additionally, GPS and GSM technology provides real-time geographic positioning data, allowing commanders to monitor the precise location of each soldier.

II. RELATED WORK

Mr. Yashash Jain , Mr. Bhupesh Soni [1] This paper presents wearable technology for soldiers to monitor their health on battlegrounds using IoT.

• LoRa: Long Range communication
• MANET: Mobile Ad Hoc Network

Ms. G. Navya, Ms. K. Priyanka [2] The system uses abnormalities in wireless body area sensor networks (WBASNs) to establish a connection between soldiers and base units, sending current location and health status to receivers.

Ms. Archana Padikar A, Cinmayee C K [3] Various instruments are worn on horsebacks to monitor their medical conditions. Bioprobes systems use biosensors and GPS to provide low-cost wearable health monitoring solutions.

Ms. R. Vithiya , Ms. S. Karthika [4] This paper discusses the use of the Internet of Things (IoT) to track and locate survivors in remote locations during natural conflicts.

Ms. Harsha S, Mr. Khalid Nazim S. A. [5] Autonomous systems like UNISol are replacing soldiers in war fields, performing human-like tasks. This system uses deep learning techniques for threat detection and tracking, reports threats to personnel via secure wireless connections, and can be controlled and managed by personnel through a user interface

III. SYSTEM ARHITECTURE

The "Safe Guard" IoT-Based Health and Soldier Tracking System is a sophisticated architecture designed to ensure the safety and well-being of military personnel in the field. This system combines various components to create a comprehensive solution.

The SafeGuard IoT-Based Health and Soldier Tracking System is a comprehensive and detailed architecture designed to ensure the health and safety of military personnel in the field. The system's architecture is divided into various components, each serving a specific function, and it leverages IoT technology, real-time data processing, and secure communication channels. 

Soldiers wear biometric sensors, GPS tracking devices, environmental sensors, and communication tools. These sensors continuously monitor vital signs, track their location, assess environmental conditions, and facilitate communication with the central system and commanders. Data from soldiers' wearable devices is transmitted to a central data center. This data center plays a pivotal role in data processing, analysis, and decision-making. It includes modules for data ingestion, processing, database management, a user interface for commanders, an emergency response system, and geospatial mapping. The command center is where military commanders make informed decisions based on the real-time data received. They can monitor soldiers' health and positions, communicate with them, plan and execute missions, and coordinate medical support and evacuations. Security measures are integrated to protect data and communication channels against potential threats.

The Arduino Uno is the primary component in the suggested setup. The Arduino Uno is an open-source microcontroller board that was created by Arduino.cc and first made available in 2010. It is based on the Microchip ATmega328P microprocessor (MCU). Sets of digital and analog input/output (I/O) pins on the microcontroller board allow it to be interfaced with different expansion boards (shields) and other circuits. The board may be programmed using the Arduino IDE (Integrated Development Environment) and a type B USB cable. It includes six analog and fourteen digital I/O pins, six of which can be used for PWM output. It can be powered by a rectangular 9-volt battery or a barrel connector that takes voltages ranging from 7 to 20 volts. It shares the same headers as the Leonardo board and the same microprocessor as the Arduino Nano board. The Arduino website has the hardware reference design, which is made accessible under a Creative Commons Attribution Share-Alike 2.5 license. There are additional layout and production files available for certain hardware variants."Uno" signifies "one" in Italian and was selected to signify a significant overhaul of the Arduino hardware and software. The Uno board, the ninth in a line of USB-based Arduino boards, was the replacement for the Duemilanove release. Newer revisions of the Arduino IDE for the Arduino Uno board have superseded version 1.0. The board's ATmega328 is pre-programmed with a bootloader, enabling fresh code to be uploaded to it without the need for an external hardware programmer. The data flow diagram that follows demonstrates how the architecture is constructed through a series of steps:

The architecture offers a data-driven, real-time solution that improves situational awareness and speeds up emergency response. It combines modern data analysis, communication infrastructure, and Internet of Things technologies to protect soldiers' lives and well-being in demanding and sometimes hostile circumstances.

IV. RESULTS AND DISCUSSIONS

For military operations, the SafeGuard IoT-Based Health and Soldier Tracking System yields a number of noteworthy effects. These findings are essential for improving the field soldiers' safety, efficiency, and general wellbeing. A simulation that was run can be used to provide the project's outcomes or the work completed thus far, and the results can be displayed as follows:

A. Heart Rate Sensor

One way to identify pulse waves is to measure the volume change. In medical applications, temperature sensors provide for precise non-contact temperature measurement. These temperature sensors are most frequently used to measure skin, forehead, or ear temperatures.

V. FUTURE SCOPE

The future scope of the SafeGuard IoT-Based Health and Soldier Tracking System is promising, with potential advancements in technology and military operations. Future developments may involve the integration of advanced wearable sensors and biometric devices, such as biofeedback systems for stress management, and the incorporation of AI and machine learning for more accurate health predictions. Enhanced data analytics, including predictive analytics, could further improve mission planning and resource allocation. Additionally, the system could be expanded to support multi-domain operations, allowing seamless coordination between land, air, and sea forces. The integration of emerging technologies like 5G and edge computing may enhance real-time data processing and connectivity, ensuring that the system remains at the forefront of safeguarding soldiers' well-being and mission success.

Conclusion

Based on the aforementioned implementation, we have concluded that GSM is used to overcome communication barriers between soldiers and base unit authorities; GPS and wireless body area sensor network (WBASNS) are used to determine precise location and health parameters, respectively; and GSM modem is used to transmit all information to the base station so that the field commander can take the appropriate action. If a soldier\'s health metrics exceed a threshold value or their coordinates leave a predetermined, tracked area, we can use enhanced versions of the GSM module to initiate an emergency call and provide soldiers with real-time answers to their difficulties on the battlefield.

References

[1] Sweta Shelar, Nikhil Patil, Manish Jain, Sayali Chaudhari, Smita Hande (8th March, 2015).” Soldier Tracking and Health Monitoring Systems”. Proceedings of 21st IRF International Conference, Pune India. ISBN: 978-93-82702-75-7 pages: 82- 87. [2] Dineshwar Jaiswar, Sanjana S. Repal (2015, July).”Real Time Tracking and Health Monitoring of Soldier using ZigBee Technology”. International Journal of Innovative Research in Science, Engineering and Technology: a Survey. Vol 4, Issue 7 pages 5560-5574. [3] Shruti Nikam, Supriya Patil, Prajakta Powar, V.S.Bendre.”GPS Based Soldier Tracking and Health Indication System”. International Journal of Advanched Research in Electrical, Electronics and Instrumentation Engineering, Pune, Maharashtra, India. Vol 2, Issue 3. [4] Pangavne S. M., Choudhary Sohanlal & Pathak Bhavik (2015).”Real Time Soldier Tracking System”. IOSR Journal of Electronics and Communication Engineering (IOSR-JECE), Nashik, Maharashtra: pp. 21-24. [5] P.chakravarth, S.Natarajan, M.Anto Bennete “GSM based soldier tracking system and monitoring using wireless communication” Department of Electronics and Communication, published in September 1st, 2017. [6] Akshita v.Armarkar, Deepika J, Punekar, Mrunali, p.Kapse, Shweta Kumari, Jayshree Shelka “Soldier health and position tracking system” Department of ETC engineering , volume 7 issue no..3 [7] Patil Akshay , Shelake Balaji, Pinjari Raju, Mirajkar P.P “GPS based soldier tracking and health monitoring”, Department of ETC engineering, volume 40 issue:03 March 2017. [8] Shruthi Nikam, Supriya Patil, Prajkata Powar, V.S.Bendre “GPS based soldier tracking and health indication system”, Department of E&TC , PIMPRI CHINCHWAD COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING, volume 2, issue 3, March 2013.

Copyright

Copyright © 2023 R. S. Meshram, H. V. Kapse, O. U. Nangare, S. A. Shinde, K. A. Pawar. This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.