Segregation and Treatment of Organic and Inorganic Waste

Abstract

The problems of waste management and treatment has become a serious issue of concern to many scholars in environmental studies. This project critically examines the proper segregation and treatment of the organic waste. Due to the unscientific usage in the treatment of the waste, leads to the loss of the natural resources. Due to this the cost of the product increases without the proper utilization of the recyclable waste. In this project, segregation of the waste is carried out at the source stage. It can be classified into organic and inorganic waste. After the collection of the waste, proper scientific and recyclable methods are used to obtain a useful product from the waste which would be profitable.

Introduction

I. INTRODUCTION

Waste management is all those activities and action required to manage waste from its inception to its final disposal. It includes amongst other like collection, transport, treatment and disposal of waste together with monitoring and regulation. Waste is an unwanted or useless materials. It includes solid waste, liquid waste, e-waste, radioactive waste, medical waste, industrial waste, agricultural waste. Having a proper waste management can result in the availability of valuable materials to reuse. Reducing, reusing and recycling the waste is important for the environment, but it can also be profitable. It decreases the amount of waste for disposal, saves space in landfills, reduces the pollution and conserves natural resource. The waste segregator reduces the garbage waste and ragpickers in the city.

II. METHODOLOGY

1. Segregation: The waste is dump into a box. The IR Sensor will detect if the box is containing waste or not. If the box contains a waste, sends a signal to Arduino Uno to make Moisture sensor active. This moisture sensor will be going to detect the type of waste such as organic or inorganic and sends signal to Arduino Uno. Arduino Uno gives signal to servo in which direction should it rotate to collect the waste in a dustbin. If the waste is organic the servo motor rotates in anti-clockwise direction of 90 degree and collect the waste in the dustbin or if it is inorganic the servo motor rotates in clockwise direction of 90 degree and collect the waste in the dustbin. After the collection of waste in its respective dustbin, the rotor is going to rotor going to cut the waste into small particles. The filling or overflow of the waste is going to detect, with the help of weight sensor. After the bin is filled it will transmit the message to the receiver end, that the bin is filled and ready for the treatment.
2. Treatment: Collected organic waste fed into bin/bedding. Place the worms into bin. It takes 30-45 days to convert into manure.

III. BLOCK DIAGRAM

In fig .1 shows that the waste segregation system at the source stage. It will segregate into organic and inorganic waste based on the moisture content present in the waste. When the bin/box get filled, the IR sensor senses waste has been poured and activates moisture sensor. Moisture sensor has two cases if its value is very low it will give a signal to the servo to rotates 90 degree in clockwise direction, if its value is high shaft gets activated and rotates for if it is high shaft gets activated and servo rotates 90 degree anti-clockwise direction and collected in organic waste bin. With the help of GPS and GSM system the user will get a message that the bin was full. The collected waste is taken for the treatment process.

Fig.2 shows the treatment process of the organic waste in small scale. For the conversion of the organic waste into the manure, earthworms place a major role to enrich the nutrition value of the manure. It converts the organic waste into manure at the duration of 30-45 days.

IV. SOFTWARE AND HARDWARE REQUIREMENTS

1. ARDUINO IDE
2. ARDUINO UNO
3. MOISTURE SENSOR
4. IR SENSOR
5. WEIGHT SENSOR
6. GSM SYSTEM
7. METALLIC SERVO
8. ROTOR
9. POWER SUPPLY
10. JUMPER WIRES

V. RESULT AND DISCUSSION

Fig.3 shows the 3D model of the mechanical structure of Segregation system which consisting of opening and closing of the lid where organic and inorganic waste is stored and bottom of the lid is connected to servo motor which can be seen in fig.3 and bottom part of structure is connected with rotating bins and it helps in collection of waste in particular bin which is going to be segregated with the help of IR and moisture sensor, these bins are connected with mechanical servo for collection of waste.

Fig.4. shows motherboard and consists of microprocessor ATmega328p which is programmed by Arduino IDE of Arduino C language which is connected with two servo, a optocoupler, a moisture sensor and a proximity sensor and an input jack for power supply which is connected with a switch.

In fig.5. shows that proximity sensor will first get detects the waste than, the waste is placed on to the lid with the help of rain sensor waste is going to segregate such as organic or inorganic. The waste is of organic which is presence of moisture content in the waste it is segregated as organic.

In fig.6 shows that proximity sensor will first get detects the waste than, the waste is placed on to the lid with the help of rain sensor waste is going to segregate such as organic or inorganic. The waste is of inorganic which has a presence of moisture content in the waste it is segregated as inorganic.

Fig.11 shows the manure obtained after 30 days of decompotion of treatment process.

VI.  ADVANTAGES

1. It can be implemented in every street.
2. It can segregate the waste easily.
3. It can be implemented in residential area.
4. Ecofriendly

VIi. APPLICATIONS

1. Practice is highly lucrative.
2. Keeps the environment clean and fresh.
3. Saves the Earth and conserves energy.
4. Reduces environmental pollution.
5. Waste management will help to earn money

References

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Copyright

Copyright © 2022 Balakrishna A, Dr. Bhaskar S, Nandeesh N, Charan Kumar K, Chandan Gowda S . This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.