Sensing the Environment with Sensors: A Smart Wearable Band for Obstacle Detection for the Visually Impaired

Abstract

Even after numerous remedies have been suggested, the issue of improving the mobility of individuals with visual impairments remains today. A clever wearable is described in this article. A sonar is an ultrasonic instrument that can produce a band for the user to recognize obstacles. Wearable technology such as ultrasonic sensors and tactile input is used in smart bands to help blind or visually disabled individuals navigate their surroundings. Vibration and auditory signals or messages can be used to tell the user of their position, adjacent barriers, and other crucial information. This technology can significantly improve the freedom of visually impaired people who are blind or visually impaired, allowing them to move more boldly and easily through new situations.

Introduction

I. INTRODUCTION

The human eye is a visual organ that allows individuals to conduct everyday activities and learn about their surroundings. The eyes acquire 80 percent of the information received by the human brain, making them by far the most important sensory cues. Blindness is a disease characterized by poor eye perception. There are approximately 285 million visually impaired individuals globally [1]. 246 million of them have poor eyesight, and 39 million are blind [1]. While ordinary people benefit from new technologies that make their lives simpler, visually impaired people still lack an appropriate method to sense and see the world.

However, because visually impaired people frequently journey to unfamiliar regions, it is essential to confirm information using tools regularly. Visually impaired individuals use their auditory abilities to identify and locate impediments [2]. Human echolocation is the capacity of humans to identify things by detecting the echo sound emitted by objects. However, if it is to be used with visually impaired individuals, they must be taught to identify echoes [3].

In the actual world, bats and dolphins sense objects using bio-sonar ping. If bats and dolphins use ultra-sonar to identify obstructions, devices such as ultrasonic monitors should be able to use the same technique to assist visually disabled people in traveling. This is the primary motivator for this study. This research looked at a prototype of a customized Smart wearable band for an obstruction recognition system for the visually disabled, which can be used to enhance their movement in daily life. This prototype makes use of radar. Echolocation or environmental perception. This gadget uses vibration and auditory signals or messages as tactile input to alert the user of obstacles in their line of sight. This wearable obstacle recognition system can be personalized using a mobile device based on the user's recommendations and requirements. This article examined or surveyed the relevant work in contemporary obstacle recognition methods for the visually impaired in Section II. Section III discusses the design of a customized smart wearable band for an obstacle recognition system, and Section IV discusses the execution or components of this system. Sections V and VI show the benefits, Experiments, and findings of this research. Part VII concludes this work. Section VIII represents future work, Section IX represents acknowledgment, and Section X ends the document with sources.

II. RELATED WORK / LITERATURE SURVEY

A study of the literature on smart wearable bands for the blind found that these devices are designed to assist people with visual problems manage their environments by providing auditory and tactile input. Sensors such as ultrasonic, infrared, and stereo cameras are commonly used to detect obstructions and collect data about the surroundings. Some devices also have GPS features for exterior navigation. According to research, these gadgets can improve the mobility and freedom of visually impaired individuals. However, there are some disadvantages, such as expensive costs, bad accuracy and durability, and issues with data security and privacy.

D.Jumping Wire

A jumping wire is a method used in electronics to briefly link two locations on a circuit board with a wire to circumvent a defective or damaged component in a circuit. This method is typically used when a circuit board has a fractured trace or a damaged component and replacing the defective part is not possible or realistic. A jumper cable can be used to circumvent the defective component and reestablish circuit performance in such situations. Jumping wire necessitates some electrical skill and knowledge, as it entails finding the proper points to join and ensuring that the wire is securely attached without causing any harm to the circuit board or other components.

V. BENEFITS

By sensing and displaying obstacles within a specified range, this Smart Wearable Band for Obstacle Detection gadget can enhance the safety and convenience of blind people. This wearable bracelet is inexpensive when compared to other gadgets on the market. This instrument is lighter and simpler to carry than the bias requested, such as the west band. Because of the lightweight materials used in its creation, the gadget is more portable for stoners. This device's instruments are considerably less costly than those used in conventional systems. The gadget transmits the idea via sound. In a busy or noisy setting, it is difficult to detect the sound over other continuing noises.

VI. TESTING RESULTS

VII. FUTURE WORK

Detecting and alerting visually impaired people to obstacles: The smart band can be made to detect and notify visually impaired people of obstacles in their route. This can be achieved by embedding sensors in the band that identify close objects and transmit a warning indication to the wearer. A smart band could be developed to measure the health of a physically disabled individual. Monitoring their pulse rate, blood pressure, and other vital indicators and alerting them if any data are abnormal is one example. GPS monitoring: To help visually impaired individuals in navigating their environments, a smart band with GPS tracking features can be created. The wearer can receive turn-by-turn directions from the band, receive notifications when they reach their destination, and even use the band to locate misplaced goods. Social networking: A smart band could be developed to connect neighboring physically disabled people. As a result, they will be able to establish a supportive community and share guidance and information.

VIII. ACKNOWLEDGMENT

The authors would like to convey their gratitude to everyone who assisted with this study project. We would like to thank our coworkers and partners for their substantial efforts and help throughout this project. We would also like to acknowledge M.M. Gudadhe and V.V. Panchabhai of Priyadarshini College for their help. Finally, we'd like to thank our families and loved ones for their tolerance and support throughout this research.

Conclusion

Lastly, smart bands have proven to be a useful aid for physically impaired people. They increase independence and safety by giving real-time feedback on various parts of their surroundings. By employing sophisticated technology such as haptic input, speech aids, and GPS monitoring, smart bands can provide a variety of advantages that significantly enhance the quality of life for visually disabled people. Smart bands will become even more sophisticated and available to a wider variety of individuals with different degrees of visual impairment as technology improves. Overall, the development of smart bands for visually impaired individuals represents a major advance in the continuing endeavor to develop more inclusive and accessible technologies.

References

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Copyright

Copyright © 2023 Mrudula M. Gudadhe, Vishal V. Panchbhai, Prajwal B. Patle, Dileep D. Kushwaha, Yogesh A. Rahangdale, Aachal S. Jenekar, Piyush V. Suryavanshi. This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.