Solar Charging Station for LEV: A Design and Feasibility Study

Abstract

As the need for sophisticated transportation system rises due to economic development and cultural comfort, global warming and some dangerous climate changes are becoming more frequent. Every government is promoting the use of electric vehicles to combat the problem of global warming caused by the transportation.(EVs), As the number of electric vehicles on the road increases, charging EVs using infrastructure based on fossil fuel is neither efficient nor cost effective. As a result, an electric vehicle charging station that uses renewable energy has tremendous potential and control. In the present situation, a battery energy storage system and a solar powered electric vehicle charging station are necessary. For effective power management in the charging station between solar, BESS, grid and EVs, an efficient charging station design with Incremental conductance (INC) voltage controlled MPPT, PI controller, grid with inverter is design and evaluated in MATLAB/Simulink. Additional grid assistance is advised to ensure that the charging station has uninterrupted power without adding to the load on the grid.

Introduction

I. INTRODUCTION

Renewable energy, such as solar and wind power, is a more environmentally friendly and cleaner alternative to traditional fossil fuels. Furthermore, widespread adoption of electric vehicles (EVs) can help reduce greenhouse emissions while also improving air quality. However, for EVs to fully realize their potential as a clean transportation option, a reliable and convenient charging infrastructure [1]. Drastic reduction in the cost of solar photovoltaic modules, power electronic devices and digital signal processors, rigorous environment protection acts imposed by the government, and rapid consumption of conventional fossil fuel resources which are going to be last in the near future, have motivated the researchers, industrialists and consumers towards the use of solar photovoltaic technology [2]. This emerging and most promising power generation technology is everlasting, environment friendly, and has no maintenance and the charging station charges vehicles of different companies with different batteries with varying charging capabilities, increasing the demand for EVs and ensuring reliability. The easiest way to acknowledge this concept is that the charging mechanism takes to play by simply altering the current and voltage to deliver a specific power required by the battery for charging. 

II. BLOCK DIAGRAM

 A block diagram is representing the solar charging station for light electric vehicle. Fig.1 shows the block diagram of the proposed system. The boost converter uses the MPPT algorithm and exact maximum solar power at all instants. The bidirectional converter helps in charging and discharging of the station battery depending on source-load balance in addition to maintaining a constant dc bus voltage at its higher voltage terminal.

 The buck converters step down the bus voltage to EV battery voltage and the inverter converts the dc voltage to ac into grid from dc bus voltage. During night time, the grid and EV battery charge from the station battery.

III. DESIGN CALCULATION

In this paper, discuss about the design calculation of solar charging station. The various operating stages of the configuration. Such as the photovoltaic array, the boost converter, grid connected inverter and the battery are designed such that a satisfactory operation is always accomplished under any kind of variation in solar irradiance. The technical specifications of a selected in 48V lithium ion battery.

Conclusion

In this paper, the light electric vehicles charging station must be designed. As there are more electric vehicles on the road, EV charging has grown to be a significant problem .Grid support improves a charging station that uses a PV array, a battery energy storage device, and a viable methodology. The INC voltage control, PI controller and converter are utilized to adapt to the changing requirements of all connected electric vehicles. The required power can be obtained by keeping a constant DC bus voltage. Using MATLAB/Simulink the suggested station power management is explained and verified. With more research into the suggested model for more electric vehicles. This can be done by installing an EV charging station at work (or) in the parking lot with a sizable power rating and capacity.

References

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Copyright

Copyright © 2023 K. Karly Shri , C. Vennila. This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.