Solar Tracker Using Arduino and Simulation in Tinkercad

Abstract

The objective of our solar tracker is to make it possible to automatically follow the position of the Sun. It can also adjust the orientation of the solar panels according to the Sun\'s position. This solar tracker system will help you to maximize the energy output of your solar panels by moving them perpendicular to the Sun. More energy than solar panels which are used without the tracking system.

Introduction

I. INTRODUCTION

As we understand sun is plentiful source of power from that we can effortlessly achieve solar strength with the assist of solar photovoltaic cells. And this photovoltaic impact converts solar power into electrical power. So, to use this sun energy extra successfully we used sun tracker which can modify their function according to solar and make route perpendicular to the sun. Solar tracker offers the low-fee device through software primarily based answers. One of the principle boundaries that face the operation of photovoltaic panels (PV) is overheating because of immoderate solar radiation and excessive ambient temperatures. For preventing overheat there can be a temperature cooling gadget.

II. LITERATURE REVIEW

The subject of solar tracking systems is the subject of extensive investigation. The material was discussed in the suggested system's study.

A. Solar Tracking System Using Arduino

This article provides some data on solar modules that are on the market. A few commercially available solar modules have efficiency levels that are more than 22% and possibly even 24%. There are limits to how much power one solar module can generate, so most setups use many modules. In the current effort, an Arduino solar tracker was created and built. On the photovoltaic cell panel, LDR light sensors were employed to measure the solar light's occurrence and intensity.

B. Solar Tracking System-A review

The amount of solar energy collected by solar systems that follow the sun's trajectories throughout the day is much higher, and as a result, they produce much more power. The main categories of sun tracking systems created over the previous 20 years have been reviewed in this research.   According   to   their mode   of rotation, it has been demonstrated that these sun tracking systems can be generically categorised as single axis and dual axis.

C. Arduino based Dual Axis Smart Solar Tracker

This paper presents a design concept for a solar tracking system based on the Arduino UNO that allows solar panels to be moved in the direction of the most sun light incidence. As a result, we get a more effective system that is small, affordable, and simple to use. When compared to solar modules at a fixed angle, the usage of solar trackers can improve electricity generation by around a third, and some claim by as much as 40% in some climates. And a dual axis tracking system that can move the panel in the direction of the most solar light incidence while sensing the solar light that strikes it.

D. A Review Paper on Solar Tracking System for Photovoltaic Power Plant

The study makes it clear that adding solar trackers will undoubtedly boost the effectiveness of SPV systems, but careful installation of solar trackers with these systems is necessary. Solar photovoltaic systems are used to capture solar energy, but because the earth rotates around the sun, solar energy in present solar panels is only available for a certain portion of the day. Solar trackers are used to solve this issue.

E. Dual Axis Solar Tracker

An ATmega328P microcontroller was used in the system to direct the motion of two servo motors, which rotated the solar panel in two axes. The microprocessor calculated the rotational speed based on data gathered from four photo sensors placed close to the solar panel. An operational solar tracking system was created and put into use at the project's conclusion. It was able to repeatedly position the solar panel with the sun or any other source of light. The design of the solar tracker can be used as a model and a jumping-off point for the creation of more sophisticated systems in the future.

III. SOLAR TRACKER

1. A solar tracker is a tool that orients a solar panel closer to the Sun.
2. The reason of a monitoring mechanism is to follow the solar as it moves across the sky.
3. Trackers are used to limit the perspective of prevalence between the incoming sunlight and a photovoltaic panel.
4. Reducing this perspective increases the amount of power produced.
5. There are important forms of sun trackers to be had within the market: unmarried- axis and twin-axis.

A. Single Axis

1. Single-axis trackers have one axis of movement
2. It rotates on an unmarried point.
3. Single-axis trackers will accumulate less power.
4. Less performance.

B. Dual Axis

1. Dual-axis trackers have two axes of motion
2. It rotates on two factors.
3. Dual-axis trackers will gather more power
4. It’s high-priced.
5. More efficiency.

IV. TEMPERATURE COOLING SYSTEM

1. Overheating reduces the performance of the panels dramatically.
2. Temperature is the critical issue to acquire maximum efficiency.
3. For enhancing efficiency of solar panel device temperature cooling device is required.
4. The temperature ought to be maintained low through cooling it down throughout its operation length.

V. METHODOLOGY

1. Take mini breadboards, vicinity them for this reason and connect power and ground deliver to them from Arduino.
2. Place four ldr’s at the breadboards for that reason.
3. Connect one pole of all ldr’s to Arduino and equal pole to ground the usage of resistor and other pole to the power deliver.
4. Place a temperature sensor on breadboard and join that to ground, energy supply and Arduino.
5. Connect 2 servo and 1 dc motor to Arduino.
6. Also be a part of an LCD for that reason just so it may display temperature and mild depth.
7. Write code as a consequence.

VI. ADVANTAGES

1. Intensity of sun electricity era will increase because of direct publicity to daylight.
2. Solar Trackers are clean to evolve and flexible for set up.
3. Solar trackers generate greater electricity in roughly the equal quantity of space wanted for constant-tilt structures, making them perfect for optimizing land utilization.
4. Advancement in technology and reliability in electronics and mechanics have extensively decreased long term maintenance concerns for tracking system.

VII. COST ESTIMATION IN DOLLARS

VIII. FUTURE SCOPE

1. Improving the mechanical structure.
2. Increasing the burden carrying ability and placing a sun panel with the whole gadget.
3. Adjusting the tools ratio to save you power loss.
4. Slowing down the fee of rotation while there's no want of power to save you wear and tear of the gadget.
5. Reducing the price of mechanical structure.

Conclusion

1) The invention of Solar Tracking System helps us enhance the performance of PV sun machine in an easy and green way. 2) Using of alternative ideology of sunlight power. 3) Established a model of automatic monitoring gadget to preserve vertical touch among solar panels and daylight. 4) Improved the utility charge of sun electricity and efficiency of solar power era structures.

References

[1] Ashish Yadav, Pritam Makwana,” Solar Tracking System Using Arduino”,in February-2018 [2] Suneetha Racharla1, K Rajan,” Solar Tracking System-A review”, January 2016. [3] Jyoti Mishra, Ritula Thakur, Alok Deep.” Arduino based Dual Axis Smart Solar Tracker”,2017. [4] “A Review Paper on Solar Tracking System for Photovoltaic Power Plant”, February 2020. [5] Debasis Kumar Das, Sourav Basak,” DUAL AXIS SOLAR TRACKER”,2018. [6] https://rcciit.org/students_projects/projects/ee/2018/GR1.pdf [7] https://www.academia.edu/35861133/A_Seminar_project_report_ARDUINO_BASE D_SOLAR_TRACKING_SYSTEM [8] https://www.ijser.org/researchpaper/Sola r-Tracking-System-Using-Arduino.pdf

Copyright

Copyright © 2022 Parag Salunkhe, Saket Kumar, Vedant Sabde, Rushikesh Kale, Prof. Smt. Dr. Vaishali Jabade. This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.