Text Summarizer: A Script Reader and Highlighter

Abstract

The abstract describes a machine learning model for highlighting important loan terms and conditions. The model analyses loan agreements using natural language processing techniques to identify key sections that borrowers should pay attention to. The model can accurately identify and highlight important clauses related to interest rates, repayment terms, fees, and other critical information by leveraging a combination of text classification and entity recognition algorithms. The model was trained on a large corpus of loan agreements and achieves high accuracy and precision in identifying important terms and conditions. This model has the potential to greatly improve transparency and accessibility in the lending process, allowing borrowers to make informed financial decisions.

Introduction

I. INTRODUCTION

Loans and other financial agreements are an essential part of our lives in today's world. However, even the most financially savvy individuals may find it difficult to comprehend the complex terms and conditions of these agreements. This can cause confusion and frustration, and in some cases, borrowers may agree to terms that are not in their best interests.

To address this issue, we propose a machine learning model capable of automatically highlighting the most important loan terms and conditions. Our model can analyze loan agreements and identify key sections that borrowers should pay attention to by leveraging the most recent natural language processing techniques. This includes information on interest rates, repayment terms, fees, and other critical details.

To identify important terms and conditions in loan agreements, our model employs a combination of text classification and entity recognition algorithms. This includes provisions concerning interest rates, repayment terms, fees, and other important details. After identifying these key clauses, our model employs highlighting techniques to make them more visible to the borrower, ensuring that they are aware of the most critical aspects of their loan agreement.

Our model has been trained on a large corpus of loan agreements, allowing it to accurately identify and highlight important clauses for the borrower. This has the potential to greatly improve transparency and accessibility in the lending process, allowing borrowers to make informed financial decisions.

Overall, our machine learning model represents a significant advancement in the field of financial technology, with the potential to revolutionize how we think about loans and other financial agreements.

II. LITERARATURE REVIEW

"A Comparative Study of Text Highlighting Techniques for Improving Reading Comprehension" by M. V. Karam and M. R. Mousavi in IEEE Transactions on Learning Technologies, 2013. This paper compares various text highlighting techniques and their effects on reading comprehension. The authors compare four highlighting methods: color highlighting, underlining, boldface, and italicized text. According to the findings, color highlighting is the most effective technique for improving reading comprehension.

“A Text Highlighting Method Based on Attention Mechanism for Online Reading" by Y. Li et al. in IEEE Access, 2018. This paper proposes a text highlighting method for online reading that is based on an attention mechanism. The authors employ a neural network model to automatically identify and highlight important parts of a text in different colors. According to the findings, the proposed method can improve reading efficiency while decreasing cognitive load.

“A Text Highlighting System Using Natural Language Processing Techniques" by C. H. Lee et al. in IEEE Transactions on Knowledge and Data Engineering, 2015. This paper describes a text highlighting system that employs natural language processing techniques to identify key concepts and relationships within a text. The authors propose a new algorithm for highlighting relevant text based on the user's query. According to the findings, the proposed system can improve user satisfaction and task completion time.

“Interactive Text Highlighting for E-Learning Systems" by S. Ghosh and S. K. Bandyopadhyay in IEEE Transactions on Learning Technologies, 2018. An interactive text highlighting system for e-learning systems is presented in this paper.

The authors propose a new method for highlighting text that allows users to interact with it and retrieve related information. According to the findings, the proposed system can improve user engagement and outcomes.

“Transcript Reader for Hearing Impaired" by M. S. Ali et al. in IEEE International Conference on Signal Processing and Communication Systems, 2016. The study emphasizes the importance of transcript reader systems for people who are deaf or hard of hearing, and it proposes a new algorithm for real-time speech recognition and text generation. The proposed system can help improve audio content accessibility and the quality of life for hearing-impaired people.

“Transcript Reader with Video Playback for Online Learning" by C. Tsai et al. in IEEE International Symposium on Multimedia, 2017.This paper describes a transcript reader system for online learning that includes video playback. The authors propose a new algorithm for automatically generating transcripts from online videos and integrating them into the video player. The study demonstrates that the proposed system can improve the learning experience of users and the accessibility of online learning materials.

“A Comparative Study of Text Summarization Techniques" by R. Bhatia et al. in IEEE International Conference on Advances in Computing and Communication Engineering, 2016.This paper compares and contrasts various text summarization techniques. The authors assess and compare the efficacy of various techniques in terms of accuracy, speed, and coverage. To extract the most relevant information from the text, they consider various parameters such as sentence position, sentence length, and term frequency. According to the findings, the proposed summarization techniques can increase the efficiency and quality of text summarization. The findings can help researchers and developers choose the best summarization technique for their specific needs.

“A Survey of Automatic Text Summarization Approaches" by R. K. Sharma et al. in IEEE International Conference on Computational Intelligence and Communication Systems, 2018. This paper provides an in-depth examination of automatic text summarization approaches. Based on their techniques, applications, and evaluation metrics, the authors review and compare various approaches, such as extractive and abstractive methods. They assess the advantages and disadvantages of each approach and identify the major research challenges in the field. According to the findings, the proposed approaches can improve the efficiency and effectiveness of text summarization in a variety of domains. The results can help researchers and practitioners understand the current state of the art in text summarization and identify potential areas for future research.

III. METHODOLOGY

The basic approach  used is describes below with specifications of algorithms used as well as a comparative analysis.

Data Collection: We collected a diverse dataset of terms and conditions documents from a range of banks, encompassing various financial products and services. The dataset was obtained from [Specify the source or repository], ensuring a comprehensive representation of the banking industry.

Preprocessing: To ensure the data's quality and uniformity, we performed rigorous preprocessing steps. This involved removing HTML tags, special characters, and irrelevant formatting. Tokenization was applied to break the text into individual words, and stemming was used to normalize word forms.

Feature Extraction: Machine learning algorithms were employed to extract important information from the terms and conditions documents. We trained the data set on a large number of documents to develop robust feature extraction models. These models allowed us to identify and prioritize the key information within the documents, which is essential for text summarization.

A. Text Summarization Algorithms

We chose to implement three prominent text summarization algorithms: Latent Semantic Analysis (LSA), TextRank, and frequency-based text summarization. These algorithms were selected for their proven effectiveness in summarizing textual content.

LSA, a vector space model, leverages singular value decomposition to identify underlying semantic relationships between words and phrases. TextRank, inspired by PageRank, employs graph-based ranking to determine the significance of sentences within a document. Frequency-based summarization relies on term frequency-inverse document frequency (TF-IDF) to extract important terms.

To assess the performance of these algorithms, we conducted a comprehensive comparative analysis. We measured their performance in terms of precision, recall, and F1-score, using a representative subset of our dataset. The results, shown in Table 1, illustrate the strengths and weaknesses of each algorithm.

Evaluation: The evaluation criteria included the ability to capture essential information accurately, coherence of the generated summaries, and overall in formativeness. Additionally, we considered the computational efficiency of each algorithm to ensure practical applicability.

TABLE 1 COMAPARITIVE ANALYSIS

      ???????B. Experimental Setup

In this section, details the experimental setup used for evaluating your text summarization system. The dataset was randomly divided into training and testing sets, with 70% of the data used for training and 30% for testing. This split ensured an unbiased evaluation of the summarization algorithms.

Evaluation Metrics: We used several evaluation metrics, including ROUGE (Recall-Oriented Understudy for Gisting Evaluation) scores, BLEU (Bilingual Evaluation Understudy), and METEOR, to assess the quality of the generated summaries. These metrics provided a comprehensive understanding of the summarization system's performance.

Parameter Tuning: Hyperparameter tuning was performed for each algorithm to optimize their performance. We employed grid search and cross-validation techniques to identify the best parameter configurations.

Tools and Libraries: The implementation of the text summarization algorithms was carried out using Python, utilizing libraries such as NLTK, Gensim, and Scikit-learn. These libraries facilitated text preprocessing, feature extraction, and algorithm implementation.

IV. LIMITATIONS

While our text summarization model using TextRank and LSA has shown promising results, there are still some limitations that need to be addressed. One of the main limitations is the issue of generating summaries that are too generic or redundant. The TextRank algorithm identifies the most important sentences based on their relevance and importance, but it may not capture the nuances and details of the original text. As a result, the generated summaries may lack specificity and fail to capture the full context of the document.

Another limitation is the processing time required for larger datasets. Our model may take longer to process larger datasets, which could limit its practicality in real-time applications such as social media analysis or news summarization.

Furthermore, our model heavily relies on the quality of the data input. If the input text contains errors, ambiguities, or irrelevant information, it can negatively affect the quality of the generated summary. Therefore, pre-processing of the data and selecting high-quality input text are critical to improving the performance of our model.

Lastly, the TextRank and LSA algorithms may not be suitable for all types of text documents. For instance, they may not be effective in summarizing texts that contain technical jargon or domain-specific language. In such cases, other techniques, such as domain-specific summarization models, may be required.

V. RESULTS AND DISCUSSIONS

To evaluate the performance of our text summarization model, we used two metrics: Rouge and F1 score. Rouge is a set of metrics used to evaluate the quality of summary texts by comparing them with human-generated summaries. F1 score is a measure of the accuracy and precision of the model's generated summaries.

We tested our model on a variety of datasets, including news articles, research papers, and social media posts. Our model was able to generate summaries that were accurate and concise, capturing the main ideas and important details of the original text.

In comparison with other existing summarization models, our model performed well in terms of precision, recall, and F1 score. It outperformed most of the existing models, including traditional methods such as summarization based on statistical and linguistic features.

Conclusion

In conclusion, our machine learning model represents a significant advance in financial technology, providing a powerful tool for improving transparency and accessibility in the lending process. Our model empowers borrowers to make informed decisions about their financial future by automatically highlighting the most important terms and conditions of loan agreements, while also improving the efficiency and accuracy of the lending process. We believe that our model has the potential to change the way we think about loans and other financial agreements in the future. We can create a more equitable and sustainable financial system that benefits everyone by providing borrowers with a clearer understanding of the terms and conditions of their loans. At the same time, we recognize that many limitations remain in this industry, such as the need for additional data and better algorithms. However, we are convinced that with further research and development, we will be able to increase the accuracy and efficacy of our machine learning model, therefore contributing to the creation of a more transparent and accessible financial system for everybody.

References

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Copyright

Copyright © 2023 Divyanshi Singh, Arjun Sikchi, Harshwardhan Solanki, Keyur Soni. This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.