A Review Paper on Usability of Plastic Waste in Bituminous Pavement

Abstract

This review paper delves into the worldwide plastic production is increasing speedily with rise in population and eversion in life style. Disposal of plastic waste is serious problem globally due to their non-biodegradability property. Then it is better to recycle than disposal. One of the trending topic is in recycle of plastic waste use in roads construction. This type of recycling can help in protect the environment from the greenhouse gases that are exposed to atmosphere while disposal. The plastic waste in form of bottles, cups, caps, polythene bags etc are made in form of powder or blended with crusher and coated over the aggregate and bitumen mixture by heating process for roads construction. This polymer coated aggregate and bitumen mixture shows higher strength, better binding property, more stability, and increase in wear resistance, better durability and tear of flexible pavement. This makes the recycle of plastic waste in an efficiency manner.

Introduction

I. INTRODUCTION

Today  everywhere  around  us  the  globally  from  agriculture  to electrical,  packing,  automobile,  building  construction, communication  sector  are  widely  use  of  plastic. The  use  of  plastic  was  started  after  the  industrial  revolution  and  its  huge  scale  manufacturing  seemed  to  be  cheaper.  Plastic  is  a  generally  non-biodegradable  and  In  many  research  found  that  plastic  takes  around  4500 years  to  decomposition  reaction.  In  Several  studies  proved  that  the  disposal  of  wasted  plastic  causes  many  health  problems  and  also  make less  the  fertility  of  soil.  The  plastic  manufacturing  over  the  world  has  crossed  400million tons  and  the  recycling  of  plastic  waste  is  only  10-15 percent.  Various  experiments  and  research  are  being  conducted  in  order  to  improve  the  properties  of  bituminous  pavement.  The  newly  advancement  in  that  case  study  is  use  of  waste  plastic  in  bituminous  road  construction.  The  usability  of  waste  plastic  in  road  construction  is  gaining  importance  now  a  days  due  to  pavements  performance and  toughness,  life  span  and  low-cost  construction.

A. Objective

The primary objective of plastic roads is to reduce plastic waste, bags, bottles, etc. Not all plastic waste is recycled, as even the recyclable waste is just too much to reuse 100%. In Road Constructions Plastic bitumen composite roads have better wear resistance than standard asphalt concrete roads. They do not absorb water, have better flexibility which results in less rutting and less need for repair. Road surfaces remain smooth, are lower maintenance, and absorb sound better.

II. LITERATURE REVIEW

1. Dr. R. Vasudevan (2007) hasResaerh paper concludes  that polymer  bitumen  blend is  a better binding property as compared to plain bitumen. Blend increases the sifting point of bitumen  and  decreases  the  penetration value. When it is used in road construction it increases the higher temperature of the road .the coating of plastic decreases the property of  porosity,  absorption  of  moisture  and improve soundness. Use  of waste plastic  in road help in any ways like diposal of waste ,  better  road  and  presentation  of  pollution and so on. 
2. Anzar Hamid  Mir  (2015) “Plastic  waste in pavement construction  He introduce  that viscos elastic nature of binder have complex modulus phases of angles of binders , need to  be  measured  at  different  temperature, loading  rates  which  are  resembling  to weather and climatic condition
3. Amit P. Gowanda (2013) “Economics And Viability  Of  Plastic  Road”  evaluated flexural  fatigue  life  of  asphalt  concrete modified  by  3%  crumb  rubber  as  part  of aggregated and reported  that fatigue  life and creep  properties  of  the  polymer  modified mixes  increased significantly  as compared  to unmodified asphalt mixes   .
4. Verma  S.S  (2008)  studied  that  plastic  will increase  the  melting  point  of  bitumen.  This technology not only strengthens  the road  but also increase the life of the road.
5. Dr S. Vasudevan and S. Rajasekaran (2006) Examines  the  polymer  bitumen  is  blend  is better  binder  as compared  to  plain  bitumen. Blend  has  increased  the  softing  point  of bitumen but  decreased the penetration  value with a suitable ductility.
6. Vatsal Patel et al (2014) “Utilization of plastic waste in road” described that the effect of wax in bitumen can be reduced by adding EVA (Ethyl Vinyl Acetate), aromatic resin and SBS in the waxy bitumen. The addition of 4% EVA or 6% SBS or 8% resin in waxy bitumen effectively reduces the Susceptibility to high temperatures, bleeding at high temperature and brittleness at a low temperature of the mixes.
7. Kurmadasu Chandramouli et al (2016) “Plastic waste: its use in the construction of roads ” reported that asphalt concrete using polyethylene modified binders were more resistant to permanent deformation at elevated temperature and found improvement in stripping characteristics of the crumb rubber modified mix as compared to unmodified asphalt mix.

Conclusion

Plastic will increase the melting point of the bitumen. Plastic waste in bituminous road construction is a new technology which not only strengths the road but also increases the durability of roads. Plastic has property of absorbing sound, which also help in reducing the sound pollution of heavy traffic. In future will have strong, durable and eco-friendly roads which will relieve the earth from all type of plastic waste.

References

[1] Vasudevan , R, Saravanavel, S, Rajsekaran , S, and Thirunakarasu, D (2006) “Utilization of Waste Plastics in Construction of Flexible Pavements”, Indian Highways, Vol. 34 No.7 IRC, pp 5-20. [2] Sridhar, R Bose , S Kumar, G and Sharma G, (2004) “Performance Characteristics of Bituminous Mixes Modified by Waste Plastic Bags” Highway Re-search Bulletin , No 71, IRC pp 1-10.a [3] IRC:48-1972, “Tentative Specifications for Bituminous Surface Dressing Using Pre-Coated Aggregate”, Indian Roads Congress. [4] Utilization of Waste plastic Bags in Bituminous Mixes (November 2002), CRRI Report submitted to M/s KK Plastic Waste Management Ltd. (Bangalore). [5] Mroueh, U. M., and Wahlstrom, M. (2002).“By-Products and Recycled Materials in Earth Construction in Finland M An Assessment of Applicability.” Re-sources, Conservation andRecycling, No. 35,2002, pp. 117M129. [6] IRC:SP:20-2002. “Rural Roads Manual”, Indian Roads Congress. [7] Report on “Demonstration Project for Aggregate-Free Pavement Technology usingFujibeton for Rural Road Construction”, NCCBM, New Delhi, India. [8] Wes Heidenreich, “Recycled plastic in highwayconstruction and maintenance.” State Researchreport’#525,July 1997.

Copyright

Copyright © 2023 Prof. A. B. Moghe, Kartik W. Zite, Sweety R. Bhokte, Kunal S. Raut. This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.