Waste Polyethylene and Tyre Fibres are Industrial Waste as Well, and By Using Them, We May Slow Down the Deterioration of The Environment

Abstract

Designing Tire fibres and polyethylene were chopped into pieces of 30 mm by 6 mm and used in quantities of 1.5% each. M30, M35, and M40 concrete grades were employed. IRC 44:2008 has been implemented for concrete mix design. The results of the Strength properties of polyethylene fiber-bolstered concrete were provided in this observation. For determining flexure and shear electricity, 4 point bending tests and double shear tests were carried out in the lab. The 28-day compressive power increased by 18%, while the flexure and shear powers increased by 39% and 32%, respectively. The investigations revealed that deflection was 22% lower in a 4 point bending test and 36% lower in a double shear test. With the aid of electricity techniques, theoretic evaluation of deflection was carried out. The theoretical and practical values remained within the acceptable bounds. Finally, it can be said that reinforced cement concrete can be successfully reinforced with tyre and polyethylene.

Introduction

I. INTRODUCTION

Since it has been demonstrated that fiber-incorporated concrete has the ability to generate more energy in flexure, compression, fatigue, and effect, it can be effectively strengthened in concrete to generate more energy overall and be used for pavements since concrete is prone to anxiety and effect on its own.

Additionally, the inclusion of fibres to the concrete mix improves the concrete's early resistance to plastic shrinkage cracking, reduces water absorption, increases effect resistance, and improves the concrete's flexural and tensile strengths, protecting the concrete from drying shrinkage cracks.

Documents that are considered to be standards include IS: 456:2000 -Amendment No.7, 2007, IRC: 44-2008 -Cement Concrete Mix Designs for Pavements with Fibers, IRC: SP: 76: 2008 - Guidelines for Ultra-Thin White Topping with Fibers, Vision: 2021 by Ministry of Surface Transport, New Delhi, etc.

Consist of mixing concrete with polymer fibres. The usage of polymer reinforced concrete has also received approval from numerous national organisations, including the Central Public Works Department (CPWD), Airport Authority of India, Military Engineering Services, Defense Airfields, NF/Southern Railway, ISRO (Bangalore), etc.

II. ROLE OF POLYMER IN PAVEMENT

The performance of cars over pavement is negatively impacted by the steady increase in wheel loads, changes in climatic conditions, tyre pressure, and everyday wear and tear, so there is a need to improve pavement quality.

III. FIBER PROPERTIES

Numerous academics have examined the impact of all fibre kinds. They have researched both the mechanical and physical characteristics of concrete. However, little research has been done on waste tyre fibre concrete and polyethylene fibre reinforced concrete. There is little information available on using these fibres as reinforcement in concrete.The characteristics of FRC are strongly influenced by the distribution of fibres in the concrete. In a study, it was discovered that fibres with longer lengths and higher volume percentages exhibited balling during mixing. The concrete paste stiffens as a result. The workability is further decreased as the volume fractions of the fibres are raised. The quality and mechanical characteristics of concrete will be impacted as a result. The main purposes of synthetic fibres are to prevent plastic from shrinking and shattering.

IV. DUCTILITY

The ability of a material to experience significant deformations without rupturing or failing is known as ductility. It is regarded as a reliable failure warning sign. The ductility of the standard concrete is increased when fibres are incorporated into it. High performance fibre reinforced cement composites can be used to create beam-column joints that are very damage tolerant. When ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene fibres account for 1.5% of the joint's volume during construction, the joint tends to exhibit excellent strength qualities and less deformation.

V. LITERATURE SURVEY

Madheswaran et al. (2014)  The most widely utilised building material in the world is probably concrete. Portland cement is the primary component of traditional concrete. The amount of carbon dioxide released into the atmosphere as a result of cement manufacture is roughly equal. Natural resources are used up significantly in the making of cement. This has increased pressure to use additional materials to cut back on cement consumption. The introduction of mineral admixtures signalled the beginning of a new era for creating concrete mixes with increasing strengths. Furthermore, just a few research on the use of silica fume for the creation of high strength concrete with the addition of steel fibres have been conducted in India. In order to partially replace OPC, the study focuses on the compressive strength performance of blended concrete including various percentages of silica fume, fly ash, and steel fibre. Concrete's cement is appropriately substituted with Fly ash content was used starting at 10% in weight basis and silica fume level ranged from 0% to 10% at the interval of 2%. Steel fibres were therefore added in increments of 0.5%, 1%, 1.5%, and 2% by weight to concrete in order to increase its strength. Testing of concrete cubes is done after 3, 7, and 28 days of cure. Finally, the strength performance of blended concrete including fly ash and silica fume is compared to that of standard concrete. According to experimental research, the best amounts of fly ash and silica fume to substitute cement and steel fibre without significantly affecting compressive strength are 10% - 8% and 1.5%, respectively, for M25 grade concrete.

kuttan (2015) Concrete with hybrid fibre reinforcement is a composite material made of cement, glass fibre, steel fibre, and combinations of fine and coarse aggregate. Better fatigue resistance and higher static and dynamic tensile strength can be seen in the hybrid fibre reinforced concrete. In this experiment, rice husk ash and fly ash were used to partially replace cement in order to investigate the strength of fiber-reinforced concrete. In proportions of 0.25%, 0.5%, and 0.75% by volume of concrete and 0.25%, 0.5%, and 0.75% by weight of cement, respectively, steel fibre and glass fibre were added. By weight of cement proportion, fly ash and regular Portland cement were replaced by 20% and 20%, respectively, of rice husk ash.

Yoo et al. (2015) In this study, the impacts of fibre length and installation technique are examined in relation to the biaxial flexural behaviour and fibre distribution properties of ultra-high performance fiber- reinforced concrete (UHPFRC). In order to quantitatively assess the fibre distribution characteristics, such as fibre orientation, fibre dispersion, and number of fibres per unit area, a number of UHPFRC panels with.

VI. METHODOLOGY

Water is the most important material in concrete. It performs the following roles in concrete matrix:

It gives cement the adhering property. The quality, quantity, stability and rate of formation of the adhesive material that binds the aggregates depend on the quality and quantity of water added.

It also controls the workability of concrete. The more the water content (up to certain limit) the more is the workability.

The mechanical properties of hardened concrete as compressive, flexural strength and toughness also depend on hydration products of cement and there by depend on water content.

The plasticity of concrete depends on the water content.

Water is also needed for curing of hardened concrete to help concrete acquire its required strength.

Table 1: Test on Aggregates

Table.2. Physical Properties of 43 Grade Portland Cement

VII. ACKNOWLEDGMENT

This work was completed with the grants and facilities of Lakshmi Narain College Of Technology, Bhopal (M.P.). Authors are thankful to this institute and faculties for extending this cooperation.

Conclusion

The percentage of variation of deflection in conventional concrete is found to be 4.76%, 6.59% and 12.5% for M30, M35 and M40 respectively and for fiber introduced concrete it is found to be13.7%, 17.3% and 19.31%.However in case of double shear test that the percentage of variation of deflection in fiber introduced concrete is nearly equal to that of conventional concrete and it goes on increasing with increase in characteristic strength for conventional concrete and decreases for fiber introduced concrete beams. The percentage of variation of deflection in conventional concrete is found to be 12.19%, 17.86% and 19.5% for M30, M35 and M40 respectively and for fiber introduced concrete it is found to be 16.98%, 13.72% and 10.41%.From the above mentioned findings it can be concluded that the wasted polyethylene and tire fibers can be used effectively to positively influence the mechanical properties of the fiber reinforced concrete.

References

[1] I.S 12269-1987: Specifications for 53 grade Ordinary Portland Cement, 1987 [2] I.S 383-1970: Specifications for coarse and fine aggregates, 1970 [3] I.S 456-2000 Indian Standard: Plain and Reinforced Cement Concrete [4] Ilker Fatih Kara , Ashraf F. Ashour , Mehmet Alpaslan Korog?lu Flexural behavior of hybrid FRP/steel reinforced concrete beams (2015) “Composite Structures 129 (2015) 111–121 [5] IRC 44 2008 ‘Guidelines for Cement Concrete Mix Design for Pavements’, 2nd 10, [6] Lijun Wang, Jing Zhang, Xu Yang, Chun Zhang, Wei Gong, Jie Yu Flexural properties of epoxy syntactic foams reinforced by fibre glass mesh and/or short glass fiber Materials and Design 55 (2014) 929–936 [7] Maher A. Adam, Mohamed Said Analytical and experimental flexural behavior of concrete beams reinforced with glass fiber reinforced polymers bars Construction and Building Materials 84 (2015) 354–366 [8] Omanakuttan Athira, An Experimental study on Strength Behavior of Steel Fiber, Glass Fiber with Fly Ash and Rice Husk Ash (IJARIIT-2017) ISSN: 2454-132. [9] Pouriazareashayansheikhi Naraniamohsenabbaspouraahmadfahimifaraseyed Majdeddinmir Mohammad Hosseiniapariyazareb(2020) Experimental Investigation Of Non-Stabilized And Cement-Stabilized Rammed Earth Reinforcement By Waste Tire Textile Fibers (Wttfs) Construction and Building Materials Volume 260, 10 November 2020, 120432, ELESVIER https://doi.org/10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2020.120432 [10] R. Madheswaran, S. Arun Singh, K.S. Sathyanarayanan International Journal of Civil Engineering and Technology (IJCIET) Volume 5, Issue 5, May (2014), pp. 114-122 Revision, Indian Roads Congress, New Delhi – 110 002. (2008). Retrieved on May. [11] Su-Jin Lee, Jong-Il Won Flexural behavior of precast reinforced concrete composite members reinforced with structural nano-synthetic and steel fibers Composite Structures 118 (2014) 571–579. [12] Sumanta Das a, Alyson Hendrix Flexural fracture response of a novel iron carbonate matrix – Glass fiber composite and its comparison to Portland cement-based composites Construction and Building Materials 93 (2015) 360–370 . [13] Wenjie Ge , Jiwen Zhang , Dafu Cao , Yongming Tu Flexural behaviors of hybrid concrete beams reinforced with BFRP bars and steel bars Construction and Building Materials 87 (2015) 28–37.

Copyright

Copyright © 2022 Akash Rai , Rajeev Singh Parihar, Abhay Kumar Jha, Barun Kumar, Rajesh Misra. This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.