Waste Segregator: Waste Management Prototype

Abstract

Smart Waste Dustbins utilize IoT, AI, and computer vision for efficient waste management. They feature multiple compartments, sensors, and automatic lid mechanisms for real-time waste sorting. Computer vision and AI algorithms accurately identify and segregate waste. Smart Waste Dustbins monitor fill levels and offer a user-friendly interface for public engagement. Sensors include ultrasonic, moisture, and metal sensors for proximity, moisture analysis, and metal item segregation. Smart Waste Dustbins revolutionize waste management, enhancing efficiency in segregation, recycling, and collection processes, leading to reduced environmental impact and improved resource utilization for sustainable communities.

Introduction

I. INTRODUCTION

Manual waste sorting, while effective, is becoming inefficient due to increasing waste volumes and limited human resources. Source segregation, particularly into wet and dry streams, enhances recyclability and resource recovery. Wet waste, often converted into compost or biogas, can replace chemical fertilizers and serve as an energy source. Currently, there is no such system of segregation of dry, wet and metallic wastes at the household level. To address excessive trash, alternative methods like pre-shredding or sensor-based sorting are investigated. Sensor-based sorting offers a promising solution for large waste volumes. These bins utilize sensors to distinguish wet and dry waste based on moisture content, directing waste to appropriate containers for direct processing. By automating the sorting process, smart dustbins streamline waste management, promoting recycling and reducing reliance on manual sorting. Additionally, it reduces dependency on manual labour and optimizes the utilization of available resources, contributing to a more efficient and sustainable waste management system.

II. RELATED WORK

Amrutha Chandramohan et. al. states there is no such system for segregation of wastes into categories such as dry, wet and metallic wastes at the household level.

Nishigandha Kothari et. Al. used Ultrasonic Sensors are used to monitor the garbage collection. When the garbage reaches the sensor level an interrupt is sent to the microcontroller.

J.S. Bajaj et. al. says many upgrades can be done to the existing project. Some of which are listed below: Advanced processing techniques can be incorporated once the waste has been segregated, methods for individual material feeding for local use so that the segregation can be performed continuously once the waste is dumped, image sensing can be used to segregate materials through Image processing technology.

Rashmi M. Kittali et. al. says that even PLC can be used for AWS. It has an advantage of reduced manpower, improved accuracy and speed of management of waste. It also avoids the risk of working in hazardous places

III. PROPOSED SYSTEM

The Waste Segregator System is driven by the ESP32 Module. All the components that are connected to ESP32 are programmed using the C language. The program is written in Embedded C language and it reads the input/output pins of the components. The conveyor belt system moves when it senses the garbage. The servo motors are present to deflect the wet, dry and metallic waste into the specific bins. The waste is detected by Digital Image sensors. The wet waste is examined with the help of dataset provided.

The measure of the dustbin level is calculated by the Ultrasonic sensor connected at the edge of the dustbin. When the dustbin is full, a message- BIN IS FULL is sent to the cleaning authorities. The message is sent using the GSM module that provides the communication between the bin and the authority. The location of the bin can also be sent. The location is known with the usage of GPS module that is connected to the system.

A. Visualisation

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1. The Waste Segregator consists of three cylindrical waste collectors attached to a spinning wheel along with a image processing hardware. The Image Processing Software first compares the data received by scanning the collected waste at first step.
2. The data received is compared with a dataset of waste products fed through software, the compared results is then transferred to microcontroller to trigger the spinning wheel mechanism.
3. The spinning wheel is controlled by a motor through a motor driver, appropriate cylinder is placed beneath the collect waste to filter it accordingly ex. Dry, wet, electronics, etc. The collected waste can be later removed and packed accordingly.
4. The device made during this project is home prototype, can be modified according industrial application like larger unit additional facilities like decomposition and conversion of waste to energy.
5. The digital image processor can also be modified to high efficiency spectrum which can segregate waste more precisely for industrial purposes.

Conclusion

This project proposes an Waste Segregator which is a cheap, easy to use solution for a segregation system for household, so that it can be sent directly for results show that the segregation of waste into metallic, wet and dry waste has been successfully processing. Experimental implemented using the Waste Segregation. With the future scope the bins can be made solar powered with better segregation techniques like digital image processing and the waste collected in the bins can be made compact to increase the storage capacity. We analyzed the solutions currently available for the implementation of IoT and segregate the wet, dry and metallic waste. The model developed in this paper is efficient and durable since it requires less power and equipment for its operation. The model segregates wet, dry and metallic waste. This efficiently reduces man power, wastage of time and is very convenient to use.With the future scope the bins can be made solar powered with better segregation techniques like digital image processing and the waste collected in the bins can be made compact to increase the storage capacity.

References

[1] Daniel Hoornweg and PerinazBhada-Tata, “What a Waste”, a global review of solid waste management, March 2012,no.15. [2] Samir Lahiry, \"India\'s Challenges in Waste Management\", The key to efficient waste management is to ensure segregation of source and resource recovery. [3] Iswar Ahluwalia, \"Cities at crossroads: Recycling begins at home\" chairperson of Indian Council for Research on International Economic Relations (ICRIER). [4] Aravind E.S, \"Present Status of Waste Management in India and recommendations\", IIT MADRAS. [5] Tarandeep Singh, Navreetinder Kaur. “Smart Waste Management: An innovative approach to waste disposal and waste collection”, PEC University of Technology Sector 12, Chandigarh, India. [6] Abhimanyu Singh, Pankhuri Aggarwal, Rahul Arora,” Iot based Waste collection system using IR sensors”, sept 2016. [7] Sofiya A, Edwina G Rodrigues, Nazim E and Alex P Johnson, \" Integrated Smart Trash Bin\", IJIREEICE. [8] Himadri Nath Saha, Supratim Auddy, Subrata Pal, Shubham Kumar, Shivesh Pandey, Singh, Amrendra Kumar Singh, Swarnadeep Banerjee,Debmalya Ghosh, Sanhita Saha, “Waste Management using Internet of Things (IoT)”, IEEE 2017. [9] K.Harika, Muneerunnisa, V.Rajasekhar, P.Venkateswara Rao, L.J.N SreeLakshmi, “IOT Based Smart Garbage Monitoring and Alert System Using Arduino UNO”. [10] Marloun SEJERA, Joseph Bryan IBARRA, Anrol Sarah CANARE, Lyra ESCANO, Dianne Claudinne MAPANOO, John Phillip SUAVISO, “Standalone Frequency Based Automated Trash Bin and Segregator of Plastic Bottles and Tin Cans”, IEEE 2016.

Copyright

Copyright © 2024 Sahil Raut, Shivam Rudra, Atharv Gavali, Prof. Shailesh Jadhav. This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.